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Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis C virus-induced liver damage, chronic liver damage due to alcohol, and non-alcoholic liver disease-induced cellular alterations promote fibrosis, cirrhosis, and\/or hepatocellular carcinoma. The recommended therapeutic option for advanced liver damage is liver transplantation. Extracellular matrix scaffolds have been evaluated as an alternative for tissue restoration. Studies on the biocompatibility and rejection of synthetic and natural scaffolds as an alternative to organ transplantation have been evaluated. Our group has recently described the xenoimplant of collagen matrix scaffold (CMS) in a rat model. However, no complete macroscopic and histological description of the liver parenchyma at the initial (day 3), intermediate (day 14), and advanced (day 21) stages has been obtained. In this study, we described and compared liver tissue from the CMS zone (CZ, CMS, and liver parenchyma), liver tissue from the normal zone (liver parenchyma close to the CMS), and basal tissue (resected tissue from the CMS implantation site). Our data strongly suggest that the collagen matrix xenoimplant is a good niche for hepatocytes, with no rejection, and does not affect liver function tests. The liver can regenerate after damage, but this capacity is inhibited in a chronic injury. At present, the use of CMS after liver damage has not been reported. This biomaterial could be a novel alternative in the field of regenerative medicine for liver diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.808191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T07:56:00Z","timestamp":1649318160000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Xenoimplant of Collagen Matrix Scaffold in Liver Tissue as a Niche for Liver Cells"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Moises","family":"Martinez-Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjam\u00edn","family":"Le\u00f3n-Mancilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Rico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Alfaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armando","family":"P\u00e9rez-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"D\u00edaz-Infante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Garc\u00eda-Loya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zaira","family":"Medina-Avila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Sanchez-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Pi\u00f1a-Barba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Gutierrez-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.09.014","article-title":"Burden of liver diseases in the world.","volume":"70","author":"Asrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000001409","article-title":"Real-world comorbidity burden, health care utilization, and costs of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients with advanced liver diseases.","volume":"55","author":"Wong","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31173","article-title":"Changes in the global burden of chronic liver diseases from 2012 to 2017: the growing impact of NAFLD.","volume":"72","author":"Paik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Role of histopathologist in liver transplantation.","volume":"8","author":"Geramizadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Organ Transplant Med."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.582939","article-title":"Macrophages in organ transplantation.","volume":"11","author":"Ordikhani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.02155","article-title":"The immunological basis of liver allograft rejection.","volume":"11","author":"Ronca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.10.063","article-title":"Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: from first principles to state of the art.","volume":"45","author":"Vacanti","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2015.10.022","article-title":"Advances in tissue engineering.","volume":"51","author":"Langer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S108","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297919140074","article-title":"Analysis of collagen spatial structure using multiphoton microscopy and machine learning methods.","volume":"84","author":"Kistenev","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochemistry (Mosc)."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.04.007","article-title":"Nukbone(R) promotes proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from human amniotic membrane.","volume":"434","author":"Rodriguez-Fuentes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B11","first-page":"31","article-title":"Use of a xenoimplant for the treatment of bone defects, benign tumors, pseudoarthrosis and arthrodesis. 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