{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:59:53Z","timestamp":1753891193758,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013365","name":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013365","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Strongylodiasis may be asymptomatic or cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms, and may be a fatal disseminated disease or <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> hyperinfection syndrome. Non-specific clinical manifestations, such as pneumonia and gastroenteritis, pose a diagnostic dilemma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report a case of a 67-year-old Chinese male who presented with abdominal pain, fever, headache, vomiting, constipation, and slight cough with sputum for nearly 2 months. He had been in good health and had no history of glucocorticoid use. He was diagnosed with enterococcal meningitis and intestinal obstruction at a local hospital and improved after treatment with vancomycin, but symptoms of headache and abdominal pain soon recurred. The metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of the cerebrospinal fluid using Illumina X10 sequencer revealed seven sequence reads matching <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis.<\/jats:italic> Strongyloidiasis was suspected. Microscopic examination of gastric fluid revealed the presence of <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic> larvae, which was confirmed by PCR to amplify both <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic> ribosomal DNA gene and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene and sequencing amplicons. Strongyloidiasis was diagnosed. Albendazole (400 mg, twice daily) was used, and the patient recovered gradually.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>mNGS may be a useful tool for detecting uncommon infectious disease. The case would help clinicians to raise awareness of strongyloidiasis in non-endemic areas and reduce fatality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.835252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T15:23:44Z","timestamp":1649345024000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Strongyloidiasis in a Patient Diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Junyan","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002288","article-title":"Strongyloides 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