{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:06:32Z","timestamp":1787069192029,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Short-term mortality and incidence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events (C-CVE) during hospitalization of patients with severe herpes zoster (HZ) have not been sufficiently investigated. We aimed to investigate short-term prognosis and incidence of C-CVE associated with HZ in hospitalized patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective cohort study from April 2016 to March 2018 included HZ inpatient cases selected from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database\u2014a Japanese nationwide inpatient database. HZ and C-CVE were diagnosed based on the 10\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      revision of the International Classification of Diseases and Injuries codes. The definition of primary exposure was that treatments were initiated within 7 days of admission, and antivirals were administered for \u22657 days. Main Outcomes were in-hospital deaths and C-CVE onset after hospitalization.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 16,811,501 in-hospital cases registered from 1,208 hospitals, 29,054 cases with HZ were enrolled. The median age was 71.0 years, 15,202 cases (52.3%) were female, and the HZ types were the central nervous system (n=9,034), disseminated (n=3,051), and ophthalmicus (n=1,069) types. There were 301 (1.0%) in-hospital deaths and 385 (1.3%) post-hospitalization onset of C-CVE. The 30-day in-hospital survival rates with or without underlying disease were 96.8% and 98.5%, respectively. Age \u226575 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55\u20133.05), liver cirrhosis or hepatic failure (HR, 5.93; 95% CI, 2.16\u201316.27), chronic kidney disease (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.24\u20132.68), heart failure (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.22\u20132.24), and old cerebrovascular events (HR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.10\u20133.34) were associated with poor short-term prognosis. Age \u226575 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.70; 95% CI, 1.29\u20132.24), diabetes (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.19\u20131.89), dyslipidemia (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.51\u20132.51), hyperuricemia (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.18\u20132.27), hypertension (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.40\u20132.20), heart failure (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.32\u20132.55), and glucocorticoid administration (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.25\u20132.01) were associated with increased risks for in-hospital C-CVE onset.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The underlying diseases that could influence the short-term mortality of severe HZ were identified. Glucocorticoid is a possible risk factor for the in-hospital onset of C-CVE after severe HZ development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.843809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T02:02:11Z","timestamp":1646359331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Short-Term Prognostic Factors in Hospitalized Herpes Zoster Patients and Its Associated Cerebro-Cardiovascular Events: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort in 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