{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T14:06:56Z","timestamp":1793714816173,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic> species are emerging pathogens that can cause severe hepatobiliary, skin and soft tissue, gastrointestinal, respiratory infections, and bacteremia. Here we reported the largest case series of infections caused by <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic> species.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify the clinical features and risk factors predisposing to <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic> infections. To evaluate resistance pattern of <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic> species and appropriateness of antibiotic use in the study cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients admitted to a regional hospital in Hong Kong with <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic> species infection from April 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020 were included. Demographics, antibiotics, microbiology, and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over the 10 years, we identified 128 patients with <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic> species infection. 61.7% were male with a median age of 78 (IQR 65\u201387). Important underlying diseases included hepatobiliary diseases (63.3%), malignancy (26.6%), chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal failure (25.8%), and diabetes mellitus (22.7%). Hepatobiliary infections (60.4%) were the most common clinical manifestation. Majority (92.2%) were infected with <jats:italic>Shewanella algae<\/jats:italic>, while 7.8% were infected with <jats:italic>Shewanella putrefaciens<\/jats:italic>. The identified organisms were usually susceptible to ceftazidime (98.7%), gentamicin (97.4%), cefoperazone-sulbactam (93.5%) and ciprofloxacin (90.3%). Imipenem-susceptible strains were only present in 76.6% of isolates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This largest case series suggested that <jats:italic>Shewanella<\/jats:italic> infections are commonly associated with underlying comorbidities, especially with hepatobiliary diseases and malignancy. Although <jats:italic>Shewanella species<\/jats:italic> remained largely susceptible to third and fourth generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides, carbapenem resistance has been on a significant rise.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.850938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T07:02:02Z","timestamp":1651215722000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Emerging Infections Due to Shewanella spp.: A Case Series of 128 Cases Over 10 Years"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Wincy Wing-Sze","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoi-Ping","family":"Shum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelvin Kai-Wang","family":"To","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siddharth","family":"Sridhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1960.tb00211.x","article-title":"A determinative scheme for the identification of certain genera of. 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