{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:42:56Z","timestamp":1792597376607,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81672893"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81672893"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971230"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81671312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify the pathological classification of benign ureteral strictures according to the histological features and explore the relationship between various pathological types and inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and collagen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty one specimens from patients diagnosed with ureteral strictures between 2013 and 2021 were included and classified according to the histopathological characteristics. The number of fibroblasts and inflammatory cells was counted, and the proportion of type I and type III collagen in ureteral stricture tissues was detected by picrosirius red staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified three types of benign ureteral strictures in 31 specimens: inflammatory cell infiltration (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 10, 32%), fibroplasia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 14, 45%), and hyalinization (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 7, 23%), with significant differences in obstruction history and hydronephrosis grades among the three types. The number of inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils) was significantly lower in hyalinization ureteral strictures than in the other two types (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt; 0.05). The number of foreign-body giant cells associated with foreign-body reactions increased significantly in suture-induced ureteral strictures (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt; 0.05). Fibroplasia type had the largest number of fibroblasts, whereas the other two types had smaller numbers. The results of type I and III collagen analysis showed that type I and III collagen were the most abundant in hyalinization among all ureteral stricture types (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt; 0.05). Compared to ureteral strictures, the content of type I and III collagen in atresia increased significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Common pathological types of benign ureteral strictures include inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroplasia, and hyalinization. Changes in type I and III collagen, inflammatory cells, and fibroblasts in different pathological types may be related to the progression of ureteral strictures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.916145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T05:15:55Z","timestamp":1657170955000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Main Pathological Changes of Benign Ureteral Strictures"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jiang","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuoyuan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoping","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-021119-034527","article-title":"Cardiac fibroblast diversity.","volume":"82","author":"TallqZuist","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"p. 193","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-374001-4.00015-8","article-title":"Chapter 15 \u2013 Fibroblasts.","author":"Murray","year":"2009","journal-title":"Asthma and COPD."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-015-2110-0","article-title":"The myofibroblast, a key cell in normal and pathological tissue repair.","volume":"73","author":"Darby","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e307","DOI":"10.1002\/wdev.307","article-title":"Dermal fibroblast. in cutaneous development and healing.","volume":"7","author":"Thulabandu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"p. 39","DOI":"10.1007\/b99966","article-title":"Regenerative capacity and the developing immune system.","author":"Mescher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Regenerative Medicine I: Theories, Models and Methods."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603187","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.603187","article-title":"The roles of inflammation in keloid and hypertrophic scars.","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1080\/19336918.2015.1005469","article-title":"Collagen matrix as a tool in studying fibroblastic cell behavior.","volume":"9","author":"Kanta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Adh Migr."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a004978","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a004978","article-title":"The collagen family.","volume":"3","author":"Ricard-Blum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8060607","article-title":"Regeneration of dermis: scarring and cells involved.","volume":"8","author":"Rippa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1177\/1066896913517939","article-title":"The wonderful colors of the hematoxylin-eosin stain in diagnostic surgical pathology.","volume":"22","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2021.05.002","article-title":"Hyalinization as a histomorphological risk predictor in oral pathological lesions.","volume":"11","author":"Augustine","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_152_20","article-title":"Analysis of collagen fibers in human gingival tissues using picrosirius red stain under polarized microscope.","volume":"25","author":"Chandran","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Periodontol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1369\/0022155414545787","article-title":"Picrosirius red staining: a useful tool to appraise collagen networks in normal and pathological tissues.","volume":"62","author":"Lattouf","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI93555","article-title":"Fibroblast heterogeneity: implications for human disease.","volume":"128","author":"Lynch","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0248068","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0248068","article-title":"Robust quantitative assessment of collagen fibers with picrosirius red stain and linearly polarized light as demonstrated on atherosclerotic plaque samples.","volume":"16","author":"Greiner","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.10.089","article-title":"Evaluation of urinary tract dilation classification system for grading postnatal hydronephrosis.","volume":"195","author":"Hodhod","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Urol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.55.091902.103810","article-title":"Mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis.","volume":"55","author":"Thannickal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2405-4569(21)00118-8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2021.04.012","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptomics. uncover a novel role of myeloid cells and T-lymphocytes in the fibrotic microenvironment in Peyronie\u2019s disease.","author":"Milenkovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Urol Focus."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.198","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of epigallocatechin gallate, ascorbic acid, gelatin, chitosan nanoparticles and their beneficial effect on wound healing of diabetic mice.","volume":"148","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12283","article-title":"Dynamic biological changes in fibroblasts during hypertrophic scar formation and regression.","volume":"13","author":"Chun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Wound J."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F93","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00552.2019","article-title":"Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 sponges miR-129 to modulate renal fibrosis by regulation of collagen type I.","volume":"319","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1159\/000322399","article-title":"Diminished type III collagen promotes myofibroblast differentiation and increases scar deposition in cutaneous wound healing.","volume":"194","author":"Volk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cells Tissues Organs."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.06.003","article-title":"Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein participates in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis.","volume":"65","author":"Magdaleno","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.12.022","article-title":"Hedgehog-YAP signaling pathway regulates glutaminolysis to control activation of hepatic stellate cells.","volume":"154","author":"Du","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c140063","article-title":"Cardiac physiology of aging: extracellular considerations.","volume":"5","author":"Horn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Compr Physiol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5664","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115664","article-title":"Biodegradable stent with mTOR inhibitor-eluting reduces progression of ureteral stricture.","volume":"22","author":"Ho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2938-9","article-title":"Fibrosis: from mechanisms to medicines.","volume":"587","author":"Henderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.04.042","article-title":"What is the role of peptide fragments of collagen I and IV in health and disease?","volume":"228","author":"Kisling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2005.09.002","article-title":"Inflammatory cells during wound repair: the good, the bad and the ugly.","volume":"15","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05903.x","article-title":"Histopathological evaluation of the uterosacral ligament: is this a dependable structure for pelvic reconstruction?","volume":"97","author":"Cole","year":"2006","journal-title":"BJU Int."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.916145\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T08:11:21Z","timestamp":1700813481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.916145\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2022.916145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.916145","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"article-number":"916145"}}