{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:00:16Z","timestamp":1753891216056,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006578","name":"Chi Mei Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006578","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>A carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the cavernous sinus and the carotid arterial system. Direct CCFs arise from a direct connection between the cavernous sinus and the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery. Nowadays, endovascular neurosurgery has become the first-line treatment modality for direct CCFs owing to the high complete obliteration rate. However, reversal of the clinical symptoms may not always be congruous after the endovascular intervention. Herein, we present a 50-year-old patient who manifested diplopia, ophthalmoplegia, and orbital congestion after a traffic accident. He had suffered head injury with right side frontal intracranial hemorrhage 1 month before the ophthalmic presentation. He came to our department primarily because of declining vision and for the above symptoms, and was diagnosed with direct type CCF, for which he received transarterial coil embolization. Unexpectedly, he later presented with serous retinal detachment accompanied by ocular ischemic syndrome secondary to recurrent CCF 1 month after the intervention, so repeat coil embolization was performed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.917768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T06:40:07Z","timestamp":1661150407000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serous retinal detachment secondary to an unsuccessful transarterial embolization in a post-traumatic carotid-cavernous sinus fistula patient: A case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Chia-Yi","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan-Ju Annabelle","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1965.23.5.0474","article-title":"A surgical approach to the cavernous portion of the carotid artery. Anatomical studies and case report.","volume":"23","author":"Parkinson","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.240","article-title":"Carotid-cavernous fistula: Current concepts in aetiology, investigation, and management.","volume":"32","author":"Henderson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(54)91575-5","article-title":"Carotid-cavernous fistula.","volume":"37","author":"Boyes","year":"1954","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200303000-00020","article-title":"Traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula: Pathophysiology and treatment.","volume":"14","author":"Fattahi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Craniofac. Surg."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-012-9550-4","article-title":"Ophthalmologic outcome of direct and indirect carotid cavernous fistulas.","volume":"32","author":"Grumann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e3181989fc0","article-title":"Endovascular techniques for treatment of carotid-cavernous fistula.","volume":"29","author":"Gemmete","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2012.09.007","article-title":"Transarterial detachable coil embolization of direct carotid-cavernous fistula: Immediate and long-term outcomes.","volume":"76","author":"Luo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2018.05.015","article-title":"An eye with a heartbeat: Carotid cavernous fistula-a case report.","volume":"55","author":"McManus","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Emerg Med."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4831","article-title":"Ocular signs caused by dural arteriovenous fistula without involvement of the cavernous sinus: A case series with review of the literature.","volume":"37","author":"Robert","year":"2016","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3109\/01676830.2013.851253","article-title":"Ocular manifestations and the clinical course of carotid cavernous sinus fistulas in Asian patients.","volume":"33","author":"Tan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orbit."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1714447","article-title":"Endovascular management of direct carotid-cavernous fistula: Evolution of cost effective sandwich technique.","volume":"11","author":"Prasad","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.45210","article-title":"Endovascular treatment of the cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula: Current status and considerations.","volume":"17","author":"Hou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2021.106601","article-title":"Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) treatment approaches: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis of transarterial and transvenous embolization for direct and indirect CCFs.","volume":"204","author":"Texakalidis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2021.106750","article-title":"Clinical improvement in indirect carotid cavernous fistulas treated endovascularly: A patient based review.","volume":"207","author":"K\u0131sabay Ak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e242121","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-242121","article-title":"Ocular ischaemic syndrome following coil embolisation for direct carotid cavernous fistula.","volume":"14","author":"Gunna","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.917768\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T06:40:12Z","timestamp":1661150412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.917768\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2022.917768"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.917768","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2296-858X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"article-number":"917768"}}