{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T07:32:56Z","timestamp":1776756776183,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diverticular disease of the colon represents a common clinical condition in the western world. Its prevalence increases with age and only 5% of cases occur in adults younger than 40 years of age, making it a rare condition during pregnancy. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the reported cases of diverticulitis during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a systematic review of the literature based on preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched three different electronic databases namely PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from inception to December 2021. Literature search and data extraction were completed in duplicates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The initial search yielded 564 articles from which 12 were finally included in our review. Ten articles were case reports and two were observational studies. The mean age of the cases was 34 years. The presenting complain was provided for 11 cases. The majority of the patients (10\/11, 91%) presented with abdominal pain located mainly on the left (6\/11, 55%) or right (4\/11, 36%) iliac fossa. The most common diagnostic modality used for the diagnosis of the condition was ultrasonography in nine cases (9\/12, 75%) followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in two cases (2\/12, 17%). In spite of clinical and radiological evaluation, the initial diagnosis was inaccurate in seven cases (7\/12, 58%). The therapeutic approach was available for 11 cases and it was based on the administration of intravenous antibiotics in six cases (6\/11, 55%) and surgical management in five cases (5\/11, 45%). Data for the type of delivery was provided in nine studies with five patients (5\/9, 56%) delivering vaginally and four patients (4\/9, 44%) delivering with cesarean section.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>As advanced maternal age becomes more common, the frequency of diverticulitis in pregnancy may increase. Although available guidelines do not exist, the clinical awareness, early recognition of the disorder, using diagnostic modalities such as ultrasound and MRI, and rapid therapeutic approach with antibiotics, may improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.942666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T05:08:01Z","timestamp":1668143281000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Diverticulitis during pregnancy: A review of the reported cases"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Konstantinos S.","family":"Kechagias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Katsikas-Triantafyllidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Geropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Giannos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Zafeiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imran","family":"Tariq-Mian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Paraskevaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Kyrgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2020.08.011","article-title":"Diverticulosis, diverticulitis, and diverticular bleeding.","volume":"37","author":"Wan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0153-5","article-title":"Colonic diverticular disease.","volume":"6","author":"Tursi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.282025","article-title":"Sigmoid diverticulitis: a systematic review.","volume":"311","author":"Morris","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7536.271","article-title":"Management of diverticulitis.","volume":"332","author":"Janes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bmj."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10020137","article-title":"Evidence for dietary fibre modification in the recovery and prevention of reoccurrence of acute, uncomplicated diverticulitis: a systematic literature review.","volume":"10","author":"Dahl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.12.033","article-title":"Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of diverticulitis.","volume":"156","author":"Strate","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26574\/maedica.2020.15.1.105","article-title":"Colonic diverticulosis. Is there a genetic component?","volume":"15","author":"Miulescu","year":"2020","journal-title":"M\u00e6dica."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.302","article-title":"Temporal trends in the incidence and natural history of diverticulitis: a population-based study.","volume":"110","author":"Bharucha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2015.06.013","article-title":"Evaluating the acute abdomen in the pregnant patient.","volume":"53","author":"Masselli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiol Clin."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006","article-title":"The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration.","volume":"62","author":"Liberati","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"B11","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools for use in JBI Systematic Review: Checklists for Case Reports."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurox.2019.100006","article-title":"Septiceamia and pre term labour due to severe diverticular abscess in pregnancy.","volume":"1","author":"Kasaven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-017-1300-7","article-title":"Clinical utility of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of pregnant females with suspected acute appendicitis.","volume":"43","author":"Kereshi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Abdominal Radiol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2018.01.004","article-title":"Differential diagnoses of magnetic resonance imaging for suspected acute appendicitis in pregnant patients.","volume":"9","author":"Jung","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Emerg Med."},{"key":"B15","first-page":"943","article-title":"Complicated colonic diverticulitis at 34 weeks gestation.","volume":"83","author":"Milczarek-\u0141ukowiak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ginekol Pol."},{"key":"B16","first-page":"574","article-title":"Sigmo\u00efdite diverticulaire compliqu\u00e9e d\u2019une fistule colo-tubaire survenant au cours d\u2019une grossesse.","volume":"89","author":"Salah","year":"2011","journal-title":"La Tunisie Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrex.2009.01.001","article-title":"Appendiceal diverticulitis in pregnancy.","volume":"71","author":"Shanbhogue","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol Extra."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-004-0643-z","article-title":"Perforated right colonic diverticulitis complicating pregnancy at 37 weeks\u2019 gestation.","volume":"20","author":"Bodner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Color Dis."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1016\/S0221-0363(04)97766-9","article-title":"Diverticulite sigmo\u00efdienne compliqu\u00e9e en cours de grossesse.","volume":"85","author":"Ragu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Radiol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-13639","article-title":"An unusual case of diverticulitis complicating pregnancy at 33 weeks\u2019 gestation.","volume":"18","author":"Sherer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00019509-199901000-00015","article-title":"Right-sided colonic diverticulitis mimicking acute cholecystitis in pregnancy: case report and laparoscopic treatment.","volume":"9","author":"Pelosi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surg Laparosc Endoscopy."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.5833\/jjgs.31.1893","article-title":"A case of appendiceal diverticulitis at 15 Weeks\u2019 Gestation.","volume":"31","author":"Orihata","year":"1998","journal-title":"Jpn J Gastroenterol Surg."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)40153-5","article-title":"Acute diverticulitis of the sigmoid in pregnancy.","volume":"50","author":"Schnall","year":"1945","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199805213382107","article-title":"Acute diverticulitis.","volume":"338","author":"Ferzoco","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.523","article-title":"Uninformed decision-making and regret about delaying childbearing decisions: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"7","author":"Adachi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nurs Open."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1254294","article-title":"Gastrointestinal conditions during pregnancy.","volume":"23","author":"Longo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2018.06.029","article-title":"Inflammation induced preterm labor and birth.","volume":"129","author":"Gilman-Sachs","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2019.10.005","article-title":"Nonfetal imaging during pregnancy: acute abdomen\/pelvis.","volume":"58","author":"Moreno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1399526","article-title":"S2k guidlines for diverticular disease and diverticulitis: diagnosis, classification, and therapy for the radiologist.","volume":"187","author":"Schreyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"R\u00f6Fo."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640614547068","article-title":"Italian consensus conference for colonic diverticulosis and diverticular disease.","volume":"2","author":"Cuomo","year":"2014","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2511","article-title":"Imaging of acute abdominal pain in the third trimester of pregnancy.","volume":"361","author":"Shur","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bmj."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2007.01238.x","article-title":"Acute colonic diverticulitis: a systematic review of diagnostic accuracy.","volume":"9","author":"Liljegren","year":"2007","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis."},{"key":"B33","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diverticular Disease: Diagnosis and Management."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000216197.26783.b5","article-title":"Antibiotic use in pregnancy and lactation: what is and is not known about teratogenic and toxic risks.","volume":"107","author":"Nahum","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1981.tb03548.x","article-title":"Trimethoprim: mechanisms of action, antimicrobial activity, bacterial resistance, pharmacokinetics, adverse reactions, and therapeutic indications.","volume":"1","author":"Gleckman","year":"1981","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15119","article-title":"The safety of quinolones and fluoroquinolones in pregnancy: a meta-analysis.","volume":"125","author":"Yefet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bjog."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002748","article-title":"Nonobstetric surgery during pregnancy.","volume":"132","author":"Tolcher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1708849","article-title":"Appendicitis during pregnancy.","volume":"50","author":"Babaknia","year":"1977","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318234d7bc","article-title":"Morbidity of appendectomy and cholecystectomy in pregnant and non-pregnant women.","volume":"118","author":"Silvestri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.084921","article-title":"Improving women\u2019s diet quality preconceptionally and during gestation: effects on birth weight and prevalence of low birth weight\u2013a randomized controlled efficacy trial in India (Mumbai Maternal Nutrition Project).","volume":"100","author":"Potdar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3286","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.1188","article-title":"Pregnant women have inadequate fiber intake while consuming fiber-rich diets in low-income rural setting: evidences from Analysis of common \u201cready-to-eat\u201d stable foods.","volume":"7","author":"Zerfu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.12.038","article-title":"Western dietary pattern increases, and prudent dietary pattern decreases, risk of incident diverticulitis in a prospective cohort study.","volume":"152","author":"Strate","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9020161","article-title":"Role of fiber in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease: a systematic review.","volume":"9","author":"Carabotti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5041417","article-title":"Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits.","volume":"5","author":"Slavin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000653","article-title":"World gastroenterology organisation global guidelines irritable bowel syndrome: a global perspective update September 2015.","volume":"50","author":"Quigley","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.15140","article-title":"European Society of Coloproctology: guidelines for the management of diverticular disease of the colon.","volume":"22","author":"Schultz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.942666\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T05:08:04Z","timestamp":1668143284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.942666\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2022.942666"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.942666","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"article-number":"942666"}}