{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:37:13Z","timestamp":1760189833559,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnosis of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is devastating in women of reproductive age because of the small chance of spontaneous pregnancy. Here, we report a very rare case with POI and repeated failure of <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> fertilization (IVF) where the final result was natural fertilization following guidance to have sexual intercourse during menstruation as ovulation was monitored. Estradiol valerate was used to increase the thickness of the endometrium and stop the menstrual bleeding. There was a serum level of 208.44 IU\/L of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 14 days after the ovulation. Later, a series of transvaginal ultrasounds also indicated a normal-appearing intra-uterine pregnancy. A healthy baby girl was delivered at term by means of cesarean section. Our report suggested that although the chance of spontaneous pregnancy is relatively low in patients with POI with repeated IVF failures, as long as ovulation does occur, even if it happens during menstruation, natural pregnancy is still worth trying with a series of proper and personalized treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.994674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T05:57:20Z","timestamp":1670479040000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spontaneous pregnancy after tracking ovulation during menstruation: A case report of a woman with premature ovarian insufficiency and repeated failure of in vitro fertilization"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ye","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanlu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunmei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenwen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongjiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaolian","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dew027","article-title":"ESHRE guideline: management of women with premature ovarian insufficiency","volume":"31","author":"Webber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Reprod."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.63.P325","article-title":"Menstrual cycle characteristics in women with premature ovarian insufficiency","volume":"63","author":"Ivovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Abstr."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0808697","article-title":"Clinical practice. Primary ovarian insufficiency","volume":"360","author":"Nelson","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2019.04.019","article-title":"Pregnancy following diagnosis of premature ovarian insufficiency: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Fraison","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines7010002","article-title":"Premature ovarian insufficiency: procreative management and preventive strategies","volume":"7","author":"Chae-Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomedicines."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.18502\/jfrh.v14i1.3784","article-title":"Concerns of infertile women candidates for egg donation: a qualitative study","volume":"14","author":"Bagheri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Family Reprod Health."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672890","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.672890","article-title":"Premature ovarian insufficiency: past, present, and future","volume":"9","author":"Chon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S37636","article-title":"Primary ovarian insufficiency: an update","volume":"6","author":"Cox","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.5114\/pm.2018.78560","article-title":"Spontaneous pregnancy in a patient with premature ovarian insufficiency - case report","volume":"17","author":"Calik-Ksepka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prz Menopauzalny."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00018","article-title":"Successful spontaneous pregnancy and live birth in a woman with premature ovarian insufficiency and 10 years of amenorrhea: a case report","volume":"7","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e926980","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.926980","article-title":"Spontaneous pregnancy in the setting of primary ovarian insufficiency and breastfeeding: does immunosuppression play a role?","volume":"21","author":"Ayers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Case Rep."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676262","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.676262","article-title":"Optimizing fertility in primary ovarian insufficiency: case report and literature review","volume":"12","author":"Piedade","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Genet"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.994674\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T05:57:22Z","timestamp":1670479042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.994674\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2022.994674"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.994674","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2296-858X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"article-number":"994674"}}