{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T00:28:02Z","timestamp":1785803282866,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an integral scaffolding membrane protein found in most cell types. Cav-1 has been found to contribute significantly to ocular function, with mutations of Cav-1 being associated with a genetic risk of glaucoma development. Raised intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major modifiable risk factor for glaucoma. Cav-1 may be involved in both IOP-dependent and independent mechanisms involving vascular dysregulation. Systemic vascular diseases including hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia, have been shown to be associated with glaucoma development. Cav-1 is closely interlinked with endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathways that mediate vascular function and prevent cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase and endothelin-1 are key vasoactive molecules expressed in retinal blood vessels that function to autoregulate ocular blood flow (OBF). Disruptions in the homeostasis of OBF have led to a growing concept of impaired neurovascular coupling in glaucoma. The imbalance between perfusion and neuronal stimulation arising from Cav-1 depletion may result in relative ischemia of the optic nerve head and glaucomatous injury. OBF is also governed by circadian variation in IOP and systemic blood pressure (BP). Cav-1 has been shown to influence central BP variability and other circadian rhythms such as the diurnal phagolysosomal digestion of photoreceptor fragments and toxic substrates to maintain ocular health. Overall, the vast implications of Cav-1 on various ocular mechanisms leading to glaucoma suggest a potential for new therapeutics to enhance Cav-1 expression, which has seen success in other neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1087123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T05:58:43Z","timestamp":1674539923000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Caveolin-1 in vascular health and glaucoma: A critical vascular regulator and potential therapeutic target"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jing Hong","family":"Loo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel S.","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114.7.1397","article-title":"Cell-specific targeting of caveolin-1 to caveolae, secretory vesicles, cytoplasm or mitochondria","volume":"114","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Sci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.67.1.199","article-title":"The caveolae membrane system","volume":"67","author":"Anderson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7289","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.19.11.7289","article-title":"Caveolins, liquid-ordered domains, and signal transduction","volume":"19","author":"Smart","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41295","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R200020200","article-title":"Multiple functions of caveolin-1","volume":"277","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062688","article-title":"Loss of caveolae, vascular dysfunction, and pulmonary defects in caveolin-1 gene-disrupted mice","volume":"293","author":"Drab","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00046.2003","article-title":"Role of caveolae and caveolins in health and disease","volume":"84","author":"Cohen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00377.2001","article-title":"Relationships between caveolae and eNOS: everything in proximity and the proximity of everything","volume":"283","author":"Goligorsky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16424","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.353763","article-title":"Loss of caveolin-1 impairs retinal function due to disturbance of subretinal microenvironment","volume":"287","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.09.012","article-title":"Association of CAV1\/CAV2 genomic variants with primary open-angle glaucoma overall and by gender and pattern of visual field loss","volume":"121","author":"Loomis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.661","article-title":"Common variants near CAV1 and CAV2 are associated with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"42","author":"Thorleifsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27837","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27837","article-title":"Ethnic specific association of the CAV1\/CAV2 locus with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"6","author":"Rong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B12","first-page":"548","article-title":"Expression-associated polymorphisms of CAV1-CAV2 affect intraocular pressure and high-tension glaucoma risk","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Vis."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3192","article-title":"The pathophysiology and treatment of glaucoma: a review","volume":"311","author":"Weinreb","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2805","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18841","article-title":"eNOS activity in CAV1 knockout mouse eyes","volume":"57","author":"Lei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4976","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-21072","article-title":"Genetic deletion of the NOS3 gene in CAV1-\/- mice restores aqueous humor outflow function","volume":"58","author":"Song","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764898","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.764898","article-title":"Loss of caveolin-1 impairs light flicker-induced neurovascular coupling at the optic nerve head","volume":"15","author":"Loo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurosci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5207","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19481","article-title":"An in vitro perfusion system to enhance outflow studies in mouse eyes","volume":"57","author":"Kizhatil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37127","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37127","article-title":"Caveolin-1 modulates intraocular pressure: implications for caveolae mechanoprotection in glaucoma","volume":"6","author":"Elliott","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.05.029","article-title":"The association of blood pressure and primary open-angle glaucoma: a meta-analysis","volume":"158","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-018-0155-5","article-title":"In glaucoma patients, low blood pressure is accompanied by vascular dysregulation","volume":"9","author":"Binggeli","year":"2018","journal-title":"EPMA J."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpv016","article-title":"Circadian variation in arterial blood pressure and glaucomatous optic neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Bowe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030761","article-title":"Primary open angle glaucoma and vascular risk factors: a review of population based studies from 1990 to 2019","volume":"9","author":"Grzybowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.04.049","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk of open-angle glaucoma the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study","volume":"115","author":"Chopra","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.08.021","article-title":"Diabetes, hyperglycemia, and central corneal thickness: the Singapore Malay Eye Study","volume":"115","author":"Su","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000081775","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for glaucomatous optic neuropathy","volume":"219","author":"Nakamura","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica."},{"key":"B26","first-page":"170","article-title":"Effect of high glucose on fibronectin expression and cell proliferation in trabecular meshwork cells","volume":"43","author":"Sato","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.136","article-title":"Peripheral artery disease and glaucoma: the singapore malay eye study","volume":"127","author":"Jeganathan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0163210","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163210","article-title":"Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma may develop ischemic heart disease more often than those without glaucoma: an 11-year population-based cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2020.06.067","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease predicts structural and functional progression in early glaucoma","volume":"128","author":"Marshall","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8792","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88322-4","article-title":"Strong association of glaucoma with atherosclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30075-X","article-title":"Is there an association between migraine headache and open-angle glaucoma? Findings from the Blue Mountains Eye Study","volume":"104","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00289-5","article-title":"Migraine and tension headache in high-pressure and normal-pressure glaucoma","volume":"129","author":"Cursiefen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B33","first-page":"1239","article-title":"Visual field losses in subjects with migraine headaches","volume":"41","author":"McKendrick","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-008-0659-8","article-title":"Caveolae and transcytosis in endothelial cells: role in atherosclerosis","volume":"335","author":"Frank","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2008.10.008","article-title":"Filling up adipocytes with lipids. Lessons from caveolin-1 deficiency","volume":"1791","author":"Le Lay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1086\/674753","article-title":"Nitrosation-dependent caveolin 1 phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and degradation and its association with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"3","author":"Bakhshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pulm Circ."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1250","article-title":"Protective role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase","volume":"199","author":"Albrecht","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pathol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407224102","article-title":"Dissecting the molecular control of endothelial NO synthase by caveolin-1 using cell-permeable peptides","volume":"102","author":"Bernatchez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15583","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.25.15583","article-title":"Reciprocal regulation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase by Ca2+-calmodulin and caveolin","author":"Michel","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.E17-01-0049","article-title":"Reciprocal regulation of eNOS and caveolin-1 functions in endothelial cells","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000187447.03525.72","article-title":"Stoichiometric relationships between endothelial tetrahydrobiopterin, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity, and eNOS coupling in vivo: insights from transgenic mice with endothelial-targeted GTP cyclohydrolase 1 and eNOS overexpression","volume":"97","author":"Bendall","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00347","article-title":"Post-translational regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vascular endothelium","volume":"4","author":"Qian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864871","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/864871","article-title":"Ocular blood flow autoregulation mechanisms and methods","volume":"2015","author":"Luo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.10.004","article-title":"Autoregulation and neurovascular coupling in the optic nerve head","volume":"61","author":"Prada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.00452","article-title":"The Neurovascular Unit in Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration","volume":"8","author":"Wareham","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4835(90)90056-Z","article-title":"The level of spontaneous myogenic tone in isolated human posterior ciliary arteries decreases with age","volume":"51","author":"Nyborg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.125.4.494","article-title":"Altered nitric oxide system in patients with open-angle glaucoma","volume":"125","author":"Polak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2010.09.002","article-title":"The complex interaction between ocular perfusion pressure and ocular blood flow: relevance for glaucoma","volume":"93","author":"Schmidl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S2774","article-title":"Dysfunctional regulation of ocular blood flow: a risk factor for glaucoma?","volume":"2","author":"Moore","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.04.055","article-title":"Retinal blood flow response to posture change in glaucoma patients compared with healthy subjects","volume":"115","author":"Feke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.046755","article-title":"Increased plasma endothelin-1 levels in patients with progressive open angle glaucoma","volume":"89","author":"Emre","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680600837382","article-title":"Plasma endothelin-1 level in Japanese normal tension glaucoma patients","volume":"31","author":"Kunimatsu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2012.02.013","article-title":"Endothelin-1 plasma levels and vascular endothelial dysfunction in primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"91","author":"Cellini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0b013e31822e8c65","article-title":"Association between plasma endothelin-1 and severity of different types of glaucoma","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Glaucoma."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI44646","article-title":"Molecular clustering identifies complement and endothelin induction as early events in a mouse model of glaucoma","volume":"121","author":"Howell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2006.07.003","article-title":"Oxidative stress in glaucomatous neurodegeneration: mechanisms and consequences","volume":"25","author":"Tezel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210201200109","article-title":"Decreased nitric oxide production in primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"12","author":"Doganay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2003.028357","article-title":"Nitric oxide proxies and ocular perfusion pressure in primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"88","author":"Galassi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11728","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.24.11728","article-title":"Signal transduction of a G protein-coupled receptor in caveolae: colocalization of endothelin and its receptor with caveolin","volume":"91","author":"Chun","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1033.2003.03544.x","article-title":"Regulated interaction of endothelin B receptor with caveolin-1","volume":"270","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem."},{"key":"B61","first-page":"61","article-title":"The influence of primary open-angle glaucoma upon the retrobulbar circulation: baseline, postoperative and reproducibility analysis","author":"Trible","year":"1993","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.022","article-title":"Loss of caveolin-1 causes blood-retinal barrier breakdown, venous enlargement, and mural cell alteration","volume":"184","author":"Gu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3389\/fnene.2010.00005","article-title":"Pericyte-mediated regulation of capillary diameter: a component of neurovascular coupling in health and disease","volume":"2","author":"Hamilton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front Neuroenerg."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09613","article-title":"Glial and neuronal control of brain blood flow","volume":"468","author":"Attwell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5309","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0587","article-title":"Flicker light-induced vasodilatation in the human retina: effect of lactate and changes in mean arterial pressure","volume":"44","author":"Garh\u00f6fer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-011-1842-2","article-title":"Dynamics of retinal vessel response to flicker light in glaucoma patients and ocular hypertensives","volume":"250","author":"Gugleta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2007.08.009","article-title":"Is neurovascular coupling of relevance in glaucoma?","volume":"52","author":"Gugleta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2010.04.002","article-title":"Mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell injury and defense in glaucoma","volume":"91","author":"Qu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(200004)30:2<178::AID-GLIA7>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) in reactive astrocytes of the human glaucomatous optic nerve head","volume":"30","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Glia."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)01127-8","article-title":"Oxidative stress and glaucoma: injury in the anterior segment of the eye","volume":"173","author":"Sacc\u00e0","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6605","article-title":"Disruption of gap junctions may be involved in impairment of autoregulation in optic nerve head blood flow of diabetic rabbits","volume":"52","author":"Shibata","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20527","article-title":"Pressure induces loss of gap junction communication and redistribution of connexin 43 in astrocytes","volume":"55","author":"Malone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Glia."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2675","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24699","article-title":"Domain-specific distribution of gap junctions defines cellular coupling to establish a vascular relay in the retina","volume":"527","author":"Ivanova","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a017269","article-title":"The complex role of neuroinflammation in glaucoma","volume":"4","author":"Soto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15781","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.22.15781","article-title":"Angiogenesis activators and inhibitors differentially regulate caveolin-1 expression and caveolae formation in vascular endothelial cells. Angiogenesis inhibitors block vascular endothelial growth factor-induced down-regulation of caveolin-1","author":"Liu","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1008398","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1008398","article-title":"Numerical evaluation reveals the effect of branching morphology on vessel transport properties during angiogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Mirzapour-Shafiyi","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-200004000-00002","article-title":"Large diurnal fluctuations in intraocular pressure are an independent risk factor in patients with glaucoma","volume":"9","author":"Asrani","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Glaucoma."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.02-0666","article-title":"Twenty-four-hour intraocular pressure pattern associated with early glaucomatous changes","volume":"44","author":"Liu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01459-9","article-title":"Emerging perspectives in glaucoma: optimizing 24-h control of intraocular pressure","volume":"133","author":"Wax","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.4","article-title":"Aqueous humor dynamics during the day and night in healthy mature volunteers","volume":"129","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-021-00687-1","article-title":"Normal-tension glaucomatous optic neuropathy is related to blood pressure variability in the Maracaibo Aging Study","volume":"44","author":"Melgarejo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hypertens Res."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80705-3","article-title":"Nocturnal blood pressure dip and parapapillary choroidal microvasculature dropout in normal-tension glaucoma","volume":"11","author":"Shin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7061(01)02251-8","article-title":"Nighttime blood pressure dipping: the role of the sympathetic nervous system","volume":"15","author":"Sherwood","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1053","article-title":"Effect of nocturnal blood pressure reduction on circadian fluctuation of mean ocular perfusion pressure: a risk factor for normal tension glaucoma","volume":"47","author":"Choi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.120.10.1268","article-title":"Reduction of intraocular pressure and glaucoma progression: results from the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial","volume":"120","author":"Heijl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/01.opx.0000225877.13217.01","article-title":"Vasospasm in glaucoma: clinical and laboratory aspects","volume":"83","author":"Delaney","year":"2006","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvn080","article-title":"Control of blood pressure variability in caveolin-1-deficient mice: role of nitric oxide identified in vivo through spectral analysis","volume":"79","author":"Desjardins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6494","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.687004","article-title":"Regulation of phagolysosomal digestion by caveolin-1 of the retinal pigment epithelium is essential for vision","volume":"291","author":"Sethna","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052699","article-title":"Circadian regulation of retinal pigment epithelium function","volume":"23","author":"Baba","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-008-0875-7","article-title":"A effects of commonly used glaucoma medications: comparison of tolerability, chance of discontinuation, and patient satisfaction","volume":"246","author":"Beckers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1097\/00055735-200304000-00006","article-title":"Collaborative normal tension glaucoma study","volume":"14","author":"Anderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198308000-00009","article-title":"Does reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) prevent visual field loss in glaucoma?","volume":"60","author":"Cockburn","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Optom Physiol Opt."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.4103\/tjo.tjo_30_20","article-title":"Normal tension glaucoma in Asia: epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Taiwan J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0042-2","article-title":"Normal tension glaucoma: review of current understanding and mechanisms of the pathogenesis","volume":"32","author":"Killer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19643","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55819-y","article-title":"Caveolin-1 gene therapy inhibits inflammasome activation to protect from bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adgen.2014.10.006","article-title":"Gene electrotransfer clinical trials","volume":"89","author":"Heller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv Genet."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2021.03.021","article-title":"Synapsin-caveolin-1 gene therapy preserves neuronal and synaptic morphology and prevents neurodegeneration in a mouse model of AD","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.01.021","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography angiography of optic disc perfusion in glaucoma","volume":"121","author":"Jia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2015.2225","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography angiography of the peripapillary retina in glaucoma","volume":"133","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1087123\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]],"date-time":"2023-01-24T05:58:55Z","timestamp":1674539935000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1087123\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]]},"references-count":99,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2023.1087123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1087123","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,24]]},"article-number":"1087123"}}