{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T04:24:07Z","timestamp":1787891047809,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The retinal vasculature supplies oxygen and nutrition to the cells and is crucial for an adequate retinal function. In myopia, excessive eye growth is associated with various anatomical changes that can lead to myopia-related complications. However, how myopia-induced ocular growth affects the integrity of the aged retinal microvasculature at the cellular level is not well understood. Here, we studied how aging interacts with myopia-induced alteration of the retinal microvasculature in fourteen marmoset retinas (<jats:italic>Callithrix jacchus<\/jats:italic>). String vessel and capillary branchpoint were imaged and quantified in all four capillary plexi of the retinal vasculature. As marmosets with lens-induced myopia aged, they developed increasing numbers of string vessels in all four vascular plexi, with increased vessel branchpoints in the parafoveal and peripapillary retina and decreased vessel branchpoints in the peripheral retina. These myopia-induced changes to the retinal microvasculature suggest an adaptive reorganization of the retinal microvascular cellular structure template with aging and during myopia development and progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1112396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T10:44:30Z","timestamp":1691145870000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Age exacerbates the effect of myopia on retinal capillaries and string vessels"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Carol Ren","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abduqodir","family":"Toychiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reynolds Kwame","family":"Ablordeppey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miduturu","family":"Srinivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Benavente-Perez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"495","volume-title":"The myopias: basic science and clinical management","author":"Curtin","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00298.x","article-title":"Myopia and associated pathological complications","volume":"25","author":"Saw","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.280","article-title":"Epidemiology of myopia","volume":"28","author":"Foster","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M20","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25957","article-title":"IMI-Defining and Classifying Myopia: A Proposed Set of Standards for Clinical and Epidemiologic Studies","volume":"60","author":"Flitcroft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Myopia and High Myopia and Temporal Trends from 2000 through 2050","volume":"123","author":"Holden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9082539","article-title":"Impact of Axial Eye Size on Retinal Microvasculature Density in the Macular Region","volume":"9","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"2519","article-title":"Diurnal rhythms in intraocular pressure, axial length, and choroidal thickness in a primate model of eye growth, the common marmoset","volume":"43","author":"Nickla","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1249","article-title":"Choroidal thickness changes during altered eye growth and refractive state in a primate","volume":"41","author":"Troilo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000936","article-title":"Correlation between choroidal thickness and degree of myopia assessed with enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography","volume":"27","author":"El-Shazly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12312","article-title":"Animal models in myopia research","volume":"98","author":"Schaeffel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.1996.tb00078.x","article-title":"Animal models of myopia. 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