{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T15:45:04Z","timestamp":1790610304547,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":239,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis as the most common clinical manifestation, and interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) represents one of the most common and potentially severe extra-articular features. Our current understanding of the mechanisms and predictors of RA-ILD is limited despite the demonstration that an early identification of progressive fibrosing forms is crucial to provide timely treatment with antifibrotic therapies. While high resolution computed tomography is the gold standard technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of RA-ILD, it has been hypothesized that serum biomarkers (including novel and rare autoantibodies), new imaging techniques such as ultrasound of the lung, or the application of innovative radiologic algorithms may help towards predicting and detecting early forms of diseases. Further, while new treatments are becoming available for idiopathic and connective tissue disease-associated forms of lung fibrosis, the treatment of RA-ILD remains anecdotal and largely unexplored. We are convinced that a better understanding of the mechanisms connecting RA with ILD in a subgroup of patients as well as the creation of adequate diagnostic pathways will be mandatory steps for a more effective management of this clinically challenging entity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1129939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T04:36:25Z","timestamp":1678941385000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Unmet needs and perspectives in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: A critical review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Stainer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Tonutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"De Santis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Amati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Ceribelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Bongiovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Torrisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Iacopino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Mangiameli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Aliberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Selmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30173-8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"388","author":"Smolen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1004965","article-title":"The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"365","author":"McInnes","year":"","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.4081\/reumatismo.2018.1106","article-title":"Extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"70","author":"Marcucci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reumatismo"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2021.102776","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis: extra-articular manifestations and comorbidities","volume":"20","author":"Figus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7915340","article-title":"Clinical, epidemiological, and Histopathological features of respiratory involvement in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2017","author":"Alunno","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2019.05.003","article-title":"Thoracic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Esposito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201604-0801CI","article-title":"Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. An international working group report","volume":"194","author":"Collard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-022-01978-y","article-title":"Acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: mortality and its prediction model","volume":"23","author":"Hozumi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa608","article-title":"Acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: clinical features and prognosis","volume":"60","author":"Izuka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2022.01.007","article-title":"Acute respiratory deterioration in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a single-center study","volume":"162","author":"Bs","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chest [Internet]"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003132","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003132","article-title":"Acute exacerbation in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a retrospective case control study","volume":"3","author":"Hozumi","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01749-1","article-title":"Estimates of epidemiology, mortality and disease burden associated with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease in France (the PROGRESS study)","volume":"22","author":"Nasser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/h9tc57","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: epidemiology, risk\/prognostic factors, and treatment landscape","volume":"39","author":"Fazeli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27405","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study","volume":"62","author":"Bongartz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202102-115OC","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis and associated interstitial lung disease: mortality rates and trends","volume":"18","author":"Jeganathan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annals ATS"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.171315","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease in the United States: prevalence, incidence, and healthcare costs and mortality","volume":"46","author":"Raimundo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/s42358-021-00209-0","article-title":"Lung involvement prevalence in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis without known pulmonary disease: a multicentric cross sectional study","volume":"61","author":"Paulin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.5152\/eurjrheum.2019.19044","article-title":"Interstitial lung abnormalities in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study evaluating prevalence and progression","volume":"6","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201004-0622OC","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease-associated mortality","volume":"183","author":"Olson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-211138","article-title":"A population-based cohort study of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: comorbidity and mortality","volume":"76","author":"Hyldgaard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2022.152098","article-title":"Genetic, social, and environmental risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"57","author":"Wheeler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3689","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa836","article-title":"Prevalence, incidence and cause-specific mortality of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease among older rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"60","author":"Sparks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-4382-x","article-title":"Risk factors for progression and prognosis of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: single center study with a large sample of Chinese population","volume":"38","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04882-x","article-title":"Lung cancer in rheumatoid arthritis. Is there a need for better risk assessment and screening?","volume":"39","author":"Fragoulis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-1094-y","article-title":"Lung cancer development and mortality in interstitial lung disease with and without connective tissue diseases: a five-year Nationwide population-based study","volume":"20","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.4143\/crt.2017.119","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease and lung cancer development: a 5-year Nationwide population-based study","volume":"50","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa577","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis related interstitial lung disease \u2013 improving outcomes over 25 years: a large multicentre UK study","volume":"60","author":"Kelly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9184","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88734-2","article-title":"Diagnostic delay of associated interstitial lung disease increases mortality in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"11","author":"Cano-Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.200863","article-title":"Lifestyle and clinical risk factors for incident rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"48","author":"Kronzer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801562","article-title":"MUC5B promoter variant and rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease","volume":"379","author":"Juge","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1013660","article-title":"A common MUC5B promoter polymorphism and pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"364","author":"Seibold","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab441","article-title":"Pulmonary fibrosis in relation to genetic loci in an inception cohort of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis from northern Sweden","volume":"61","author":"J\u00f6nsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00357-2015","article-title":"Predictors of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"47","author":"Solomon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22642","article-title":"Cause-specific mortality in male US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"68","author":"England","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2021.105133","article-title":"Predictors of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis-associated lung disease: a retrospective study on ten years","volume":"88","author":"Ekici","year":"2021","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2019.1621462","article-title":"Related factors, increased mortality and causes of death in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"30","author":"Kakutani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2462070712","article-title":"Fleischner society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging","volume":"246","author":"Hansell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30168-5","article-title":"Interstitial lung abnormalities detected incidentally on CT: a position paper from the Fleischner society","volume":"8","author":"Hatabu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(21)00017-5","article-title":"Early diagnosis of fibrotic interstitial lung disease: challenges and opportunities","volume":"9","author":"Spagnolo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202202-0399ST","article-title":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (an update) and progressive pulmonary fibrosis in adults: an official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT clinical practice guideline","volume":"205","author":"Raghu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2005230","article-title":"Spectrum of fibrotic lung diseases","volume":"383","author":"Wijsenbeek","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10040874","article-title":"Predictors of progression and mortality in patients with prevalent rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung disease: a prospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Mena-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180076","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0076-2018","article-title":"Presentation, diagnosis and clinical course of the spectrum of progressive-fibrosing interstitial lung diseases","volume":"27","author":"Cottin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04720-0","article-title":"Progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease associated with systemic autoimmune diseases","volume":"38","author":"Fischer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.114049","article-title":"Analysis of comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a nested case-cohort study","volume":"157","author":"Mena-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202107-876CME","article-title":"Airway disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"19","author":"Matson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002343","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002343","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis patients with interstitial lung disease: a nationwide, population-based cohort study in Taiwan","volume":"8","author":"Ng","year":"2022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-021-01856-z","article-title":"Factors associated with mortality in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Qiu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez409","article-title":"Prognostic value of comorbidity indices and lung diseases in early rheumatoid arthritis: a UK population-based study","volume":"59","author":"Nikiphorou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/i9au1r","article-title":"Association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking, and interstitial lung disease onset in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-021-04934-z","article-title":"Bronchiectasis is as crucial as interstitial lung disease in the severe pneumonia that occurs during treatment with biologic DMARDs in rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective cohort study in a single facility","volume":"42","author":"Honne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-016-3357-z","article-title":"Risk of serious infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"35","author":"Zamora-Legoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.2174\/1573397118666220412114514","article-title":"COVID-19 mortality in patients with rheumatic diseases: a real concern","volume":"18","author":"Al-Adhoubi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rev"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e741","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(22)00256-9","article-title":"Increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung disease","volume":"4","author":"Kelly","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e765","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(22)00227-2","article-title":"Risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes associated with rheumatoid arthritis and phenotypic subgroups: a retrospective, comparative, multicentre cohort study","volume":"4","author":"Figueroa-Parra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.14178","article-title":"Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its association with age and body mass index: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Thakur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2009-040GL","article-title":"An official ATS\/ERS\/JRS\/ALAT statement: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and management","volume":"183","author":"Raghu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2018.12.018","article-title":"Quality of life in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: the impact of sleep disordered breathing","volume":"147","author":"Bosi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-017-0031-4","article-title":"OSA and prolonged oxygen desaturation during sleep are strong predictors of poor outcome in IPF","volume":"195","author":"Bosi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2017.02.006","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis associated pulmonary hypertension: clinical challenges reflecting the diversity of pathophysiology","volume":"20","author":"Panagiotidou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respir Med Case Rep"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-012-2659-y","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in rheumatic diseases: epidemiology and pathogenesis","volume":"33","author":"Shahane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203380","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"73","author":"Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11101931","article-title":"Dominating cause of pulmonary hypertension may change over time-diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in a patient with pulmonary hypertension due to rheumatoid arthritis with lung involvement","volume":"11","author":"Szturmowicz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370217750088","article-title":"Biomarker definitions and their applications","volume":"243","author":"Califf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e023998","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023998","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic factors for idiopathic inflammatory myopathy-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"8","author":"Kamiya","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4533","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-021-05808-2","article-title":"Serum anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factor increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Rheumatol [Internet]"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201411-1950OC","article-title":"Detection of rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease is enhanced by serum biomarkers","volume":"191","author":"Doyle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202006-590OC","article-title":"Autoantibody Seropositivity and risk for interstitial lung disease in a prospective male-predominant rheumatoid arthritis cohort of U.S","volume":"18","author":"Natalini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Veterans Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22821","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02066-9","article-title":"High-titer rheumatoid factor seropositivity predicts mediastinal lymphadenopathy and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease","volume":"11","author":"Tyker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216655","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update","volume":"79","author":"Smolen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.2.161","article-title":"Is measurement of rheumatoid factor isotypes clinically useful?","volume":"52","author":"J\u00f3nsson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.57.1.63","article-title":"What about IgA rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid arthritis?","volume":"57","author":"J\u00f3nsson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04985-0","article-title":"Serum rheumatoid factor IgA, anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies with secretory components, and anti-carbamylated protein antibodies associate with interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"23","author":"Oka","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e040465","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-040465","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease related to anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody","volume":"11","author":"Kamiya","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-018-04421-0","article-title":"Elevated anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody titer is associated with increased risk for interstitial lung disease","volume":"38","author":"Correia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-020-08819-0","article-title":"Distinctive clinical characteristics and outcome of ILD-onset rheumatoid arthritis and ACPA-positive ILD: a longitudinal cohort of 282 cases","volume":"60","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/151626","article-title":"Anti-cyclic Citrullinated peptide antibodies and severity of interstitial lung disease in women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2015","author":"Rocha-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131341","article-title":"A Metaanalysis of the increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis-related pulmonary disease as a result of serum Anticitrullinated protein antibody positivity","volume":"41","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(96)80012-4","article-title":"Epitope spreading","volume":"8","author":"Vanderlugt","year":"1996","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40760","article-title":"Affinity maturation of the anti-Citrullinated protein antibody Paratope drives epitope spreading and polyreactivity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"71","author":"Kongpachith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-203160","article-title":"Association of fine specificity and repertoire expansion of anticitrullinated peptide antibodies with rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"73","author":"Giles","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex520","article-title":"Anti-citrullinated alpha enolase antibodies, interstitial lung disease and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"57","author":"Alunno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37881","article-title":"Identification of citrullinated hsp 90 isoforms as novel autoantigens in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"65","author":"Harlow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2696","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02696","article-title":"Autoantibodies to peptidylarginine Deiminase 2 are associated with less severe disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Darrah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e98794","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098794","article-title":"Association of cross-reactive antibodies targeting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 3 and 4 with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"9","author":"Giles","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216709","article-title":"Anti-carbamylated proteins antibody repertoire in rheumatoid arthritis: evidence of a new autoantibody linked to interstitial lung disease","volume":"79","author":"Castellanos-Moreira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40900","article-title":"Malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts and antibody responses in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"71","author":"England","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.4137\/BMI.S28209","article-title":"Autoantibody profiles in collagen disease patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD): antibodies to major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain a (MICA) as markers of ILD","volume":"10","author":"Furukawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomark Insights"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.5606\/ArchRheumatol.2018.6401","article-title":"The association of anti-aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung disease","volume":"33","author":"Matsushita","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2019.10.001","article-title":"Autoantibodies to extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs) pattern in rheumatoid arthritis patients: relevance and clinical implications","volume":"17","author":"Emad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin [Internet]"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0000000000001234","article-title":"Anti-Jo-1 syndrome often misdiagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis (for many years): a single-center experience","volume":"27","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref92","first-page":"919","article-title":"Interleukin-4 in rheumatoid arthritis patients with interstitial lung disease: a pilot study","volume":"138","author":"Shen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/mccyj0","article-title":"Increased interleukin-11 associated with disease activity and development of interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2011.12.010","article-title":"Increased levels of interleukin-33 associated with bone erosion and interstitial lung diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"58","author":"Xiangyang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.14084","article-title":"Identification of serum interleukin-13 and interleukin-13 receptor subunit expressions: rheumatoid arthritis\u2013associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"24","author":"Hussein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2018.1477989","article-title":"Interleukin-18 is associated with the presence of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study","volume":"48","author":"Matsuo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4724","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.07.54","article-title":"Diagnostic value of serum KL-6 in interstitial lung disease: preliminary results from an European cohort","volume":"52","author":"Billi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0229997","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229997","article-title":"Prognostic role of blood KL-6 in rheumatoid arthritis\u2013associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2021.1879346","article-title":"Annual variation rate of KL-6 for predicting acute exacerbation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"31","author":"Tanaka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2689","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-021-05585-y","article-title":"Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 and lung ultrasound B lines as potential diagnostic and prognostic factors for rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"40","author":"Fotoh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(00)01589-9","article-title":"The structure and origin of rheumatoid factors","volume":"21","author":"Sutton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(91)90190-9","article-title":"The rheumatoid factor: an analysis of clinical utility","volume":"91","author":"Shmerling","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.46.9.674","article-title":"Standardisation of serological tests for rheumatoid factor measurement","volume":"46","author":"Klein","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/726598","article-title":"Rheumatoid factors: clinical applications","volume":"35","author":"Ingegnoli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00876","article-title":"Determination of autoantibody Isotypes increases the sensitivity of Serodiagnostics in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Sieghart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2019.01.001","article-title":"High levels of antibodies to citrullinated \u03b1-enolase peptide-1 (CEP-1) identify erosions and interstitial lung disease (ILD) in a Chinese rheumatoid arthritis cohort","volume":"200","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2014.08.004","article-title":"Anti-citrullinated heat shock protein 90 antibodies identified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are a marker of lung-specific immune responses","volume":"155","author":"Harlow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13316","article-title":"Autoreactive T cells to citrullinated HSP90 are associated with interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0409-1","article-title":"PAD enzymes in rheumatoid arthritis: pathogenic effectors and autoimmune targets","volume":"16","author":"Curran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-207656","article-title":"Crystal structure of Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase: implications for autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"75","author":"Montgomery","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1759720X2198986","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X21989868","article-title":"The value of anti-car P and anti-PAD4 as markers of rheumatoid arthritis in ACPA\/RF negative rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"13","author":"Kolarz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"keac 667","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac667","article-title":"Anti-protein arginine deiminase antibodies are distinctly associated with joint and lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis","author":"Palterer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2020.101503","article-title":"Clinical manifestations and treatment of antisynthetase syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Marco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2016.05.012","article-title":"Antisynthetase syndrome: pulmonary computed tomography findings of adult patients with antibodies to aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases","volume":"85","author":"Waseda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2012.04.003","article-title":"Case of interstitial lung disease with anti-EJ and anti-CCP antibodies preceding rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"50","author":"Tomioka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir Investig"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-022-01661-w","article-title":"Serum uric acid as a diagnostic biomarker for rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1327-8","article-title":"High sensitivity and negative predictive value of the DETECT algorithm for an early diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis: application in a single center","volume":"19","author":"Guill\u00e9n-Del Castillo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2021.106420","article-title":"Prognostic significance of peripheral blood monocyte and neutrophil counts in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"182","author":"Saku","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.5114\/ada.2020.100483","article-title":"Serum and local IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and immunoglobulin E in allergic rhinitis","volume":"37","author":"Vlaykov","year":"2020","journal-title":"Postepy Dermatol Alergol"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L487","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00301.2018","article-title":"Profibrotic effect of IL-17A and elevated IL-17RA in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and rheumatoid arthritis-associated lung disease support a direct role for IL-17A\/IL-17RA in human fibrotic interstitial lung disease","volume":"316","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L1006","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00292.2021","article-title":"IL-23 amplifies the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of mechanically conditioned alveolar epithelial cells in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease through mTOR\/S6 signaling","volume":"321","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40070","article-title":"Secukinumab in active rheumatoid arthritis: a phase III randomized, double-blind, active comparator- and placebo-controlled study","volume":"69","author":"Blanco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209831","article-title":"A randomised phase II study evaluating the efficacy and safety of subcutaneously administered ustekinumab and guselkumab in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis despite treatment with methotrexate","volume":"76","author":"Smolen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-021-00288-x","article-title":"Serum KL-6, CA19-9, CA125 and CEA are diagnostic biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease in the Chinese population","volume":"8","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatol Ther"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755268","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.755268","article-title":"Serum human epididymis protein 4 as a novel biomarker in identifying patients with interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"8","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref126","first-page":"138","article-title":"CA 15-3 as an alternative marker for KL-6 in fibrotic lung diseases","volume":"27","author":"Kruit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1759720X2110225","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X211022506","article-title":"Biomarkers for interstitial lung disease and acute-onset diffuse interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Furukawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000001267","article-title":"Circulating Dickkof-1 as a potential biomarker associated with the prognosis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"134","author":"Xue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-021-00460-6","article-title":"Soluble programmed death molecule 1 (sPD-1) as a predictor of interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E 4098","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9124098","article-title":"Endothelial progenitor cells as a potential biomarker in interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Pulito-Cueto","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41123","article-title":"Comparative profiling of serum protein biomarkers in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"72","author":"Kass","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-04977-w","article-title":"Differentially expressed lnc RNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from middle-aged female patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"39","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1389-4","article-title":"Plasma mi RNA expression profiles in rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"18","author":"Oka","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599794","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.599794","article-title":"Serum Metabolomic profiling in rheumatoid arthritis patients with interstitial lung disease: a case-control study","volume":"7","author":"Furukawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.56.8.622","article-title":"Fibrosing alveolitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as assessed by high resolution computed tomography, chest radiography, and pulmonary function tests","volume":"56","author":"Dawson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.24875\/RIC.17002162","article-title":"Practical approach to the evaluation and Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease Based on its proven and hypothetical mechanisms","volume":"69","author":"Paulin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Investig Clin"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2014.12.004","article-title":"Lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Yunt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin N Am"},{"key":"ref138","first-page":"1513","article-title":"Comparison of pulmonary abnormalities on high-resolution computed tomography in patients with early versus longstanding rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"35","author":"Mori","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E 5162","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145162","article-title":"Identification of subclinical lung involvement in ACPA-positive subjects through functional assessment and serum biomarkers","volume":"21","author":"Lucchino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.2.9609016","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in recent onset rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"156","author":"Gabbay","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2004.02.001","article-title":"Correlations between high-resolution computed tomography of the chest and clinical function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Prospective study in 75 patients","volume":"72","author":"Zrour","year":"2005","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.061","article-title":"Baseline characteristics and progression of a Spectrum of interstitial lung abnormalities and disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"158","author":"Kawano-Dourado","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.59","article-title":"Progressive preclinical interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"168","author":"Gochuico","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2013.05.002","article-title":"Fibrosing interstitial pneumonia predicts survival in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD)","volume":"107","author":"Solomon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-010-0116-z","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Ascherman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2020.106125","article-title":"The potential utility of anterior upper lobe honeycomb-like lesion in interstitial lung disease associated with connective tissue disease","volume":"172","author":"Yamakawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-022-01243-2","article-title":"Clinical and radiological features of lung disorders related to connective-tissue diseases: a pictorial essay","volume":"13","author":"Palmucci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu165","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease: associations, prognostic factors and physiological and radiological characteristics--a large multicentre UK study","volume":"53","author":"Kelly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-021-01569-5","article-title":"Mortality rate in rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease: the role of radiographic patterns","volume":"21","author":"Nieto","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0444","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: the relevance of histopathologic and radiographic pattern","volume":"136","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12631","article-title":"Risk factors for acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Qiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-004-0527-0","article-title":"Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia pattern as pulmonary involvement of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"26","author":"Yoshinouchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00633","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00633-2020","article-title":"Duration of rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of developing interstitial lung disease","volume":"7","author":"Mohning","year":"2021","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez177","article-title":"The lung in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis patients-an overview of different types of involvement and treatment","volume":"58","author":"Duarte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210011","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0011-2021","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis-interstitial lung disease: manifestations and current concepts in pathogenesis and management","volume":"30","author":"Kadura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir Rev"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1794","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11101794","article-title":"Characteristics and predictors of progression interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis compared with other autoimmune disease: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"11","author":"Mena-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2022.152004","article-title":"Risk factors for the progression of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease: clinical features, biomarkers, and treatment options","volume":"55","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.14351","article-title":"Predictors of progression in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a single-center retrospective study from China","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39971","article-title":"Progressive decline of lung function in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"69","author":"Zamora-Legoff","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00092309","article-title":"Usual interstitial pneumonia in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"35","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2022.2107508","article-title":"Management of progressive pulmonary fibrosis associated with connective tissue disease","volume":"16","author":"Molina-Molina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2021.07.007","article-title":"Chest high-resolution computed tomography in patients with connective tissue disease: pulmonary conditions beyond \u201cthe usual suspects.\u201d","volume":"51","author":"Cereser","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Probl Diagn Radiol"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00096-X","article-title":"CT staging and monitoring of fibrotic interstitial lung diseases in clinical practice and treatment trials: a position paper from the Fleischner society","volume":"3","author":"Hansell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2020190099","article-title":"Quantitative CT analysis of diffuse lung disease","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2008.07.008","article-title":"Computer-assisted quantification of interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis: preliminary technical validation","volume":"72","author":"Marten","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4702","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac184","article-title":"Automated quantification system predicts survival in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"61","author":"Oh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800869","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00869-2018","article-title":"Predicting outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis related interstitial lung disease","volume":"53","author":"Jacob","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2001519","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01519-2020","article-title":"European Respiratory Society statement on thoracic ultrasound","volume":"57","author":"Laursen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2513-4","article-title":"International evidence-based recommendations for point-of-care lung ultrasound","volume":"38","author":"Volpicelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-7120-12-25","article-title":"How I do it: lung ultrasound","volume":"12","author":"Gargani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.3390\/app10051570","article-title":"Artifactual lung ultrasonography: it is a matter of traps, order, and disorder","volume":"10","author":"Soldati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-021-05655-1","article-title":"Utility of pulmonary ultrasound to identify interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Mena-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu033","article-title":"Standard and pocket-size lung ultrasound devices can detect interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"53","author":"Cogliati","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref174","first-page":"S87","article-title":"Sonographic assessment of interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"33","author":"Moazedi-Fuerst","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2022.105407","article-title":"The emerging role of ultrasound in detecting interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"89","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3234","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab891","article-title":"Screening for preclinical parenchymal lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"61","author":"Esposito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-019-1888-9","article-title":"A simplified lung ultrasound for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2018-214098","article-title":"Imaging and serum biomarkers in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases: correlation between lung ultrasound B-lines and KL-6 levels","volume":"78","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/107275","article-title":"Ultrasound in rheumatologic interstitial lung disease: a case report of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2015","author":"Laria","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3797","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-021-05693-9","article-title":"Evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis and connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease with pulmonary physiologic test, HRCT, and patient-based measures of dyspnea and functional disability","volume":"40","author":"Topcu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1684020","article-title":"Multidisciplinary evaluation in patients with lung disease associated with connective tissue disease","volume":"40","author":"Wells","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21986","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of obstructive lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis: a population-based study","volume":"65","author":"Nannini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.6.517","article-title":"Predictors of progression of HRCT diagnosed fibrosing alveolitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"61","author":"Dawson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"kead 027","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kead027","article-title":"Lung function trajectory of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab552","article-title":"The attitudes and practices of physicians caring for patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: an international survey","volume":"61","author":"Jj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223356","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2022 update","volume":"82","author":"Smolen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Rheumatic Diseases [Internet]"},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41752","article-title":"2021 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"73","author":"Fraenkel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28501","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028501","article-title":"Consensus recommendations on managing the selected comorbidities including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"101","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2022.03.005","article-title":"SER-SEPAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease. Part 2: treatment","volume":"18","author":"Narv\u00e1ez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2022.02.009","article-title":"SER-SEPAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease. Part 1: epidemiology, risk factors and prognosis","volume":"18","author":"Rodr\u00edguez Portal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)."},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000337","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00337-2020","article-title":"Methotrexate and rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"57","author":"Juge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref192","first-page":"103","article-title":"Clinical course and outcome of rheumatoid arthritis-related usual interstitial pneumonia","volume":"30","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-014-0190-z","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: spontaneous and drug induced","volume":"74","author":"Hallowell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055120","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide versus placebo in scleroderma lung disease","volume":"354","author":"Tashkin","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30152-7","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil versus oral cyclophosphamide in scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease (SLS II): a randomised controlled, double-blind, parallel group trial","volume":"4","author":"Tashkin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1401739","article-title":"Randomized trial of acetylcysteine in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"370","author":"Martinez","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2342","article-title":"OP0037 pulsed cyclophosphamide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD)","volume":"73","author":"Kelly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.121043","article-title":"Mycophenolate mofetil improves lung function in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"40","author":"Fischer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X15612250","article-title":"Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a perspective review","volume":"7","author":"Iqbal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis."},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"04205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2022.11.035","article-title":"Treatment outcomes for rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease; a real-world, multisite study of the impact of immunosuppression on pulmonary function trajectory","author":"Matson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2020.08.008","article-title":"Real-world clinical effectiveness of rituximab rescue therapy in patients with progressive rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease","volume":"50","author":"Narv\u00e1ez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.197","article-title":"The safety of biologic therapies in RA-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"10","author":"Jani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-05227-9","article-title":"Non-anti-TNF biologic agents are associated with slower worsening of interstitial lung disease secondary to rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"40","author":"Mena-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30318-0","article-title":"Tocilizumab in systemic sclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"8","author":"Khanna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.14670","article-title":"Tocilizumab therapy in rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease: a multicentre retrospective study","volume":"50","author":"Manfredi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez673","article-title":"Efficacy of rituximab in slowing down progression of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease: data from the NEREA registry","volume":"59","author":"Vadillo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(22)00359-9","article-title":"Rituximab versus intravenous cyclophosphamide in patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease in the UK (RECITAL): a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, controlled, phase 2b trial","volume":"11","author":"Maher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-019-1963-2","article-title":"Tofacitinib facilitates the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and ameliorates interstitial lung disease in SKG mice","volume":"21","author":"Sendo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"ref209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22336","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202101436R","article-title":"Canonical and noncanonical regulatory roles for JAK2 in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106748","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.106748","article-title":"Efficacy of baricitinib in treating rheumatoid arthritis: modulatory effects on fibrotic and inflammatory biomarkers in a real-life setting","volume":"86","author":"d\u2019Alessandro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2020.04.015","article-title":"Systematic review of the impact of drugs on diffuse interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"17","author":"Carrasco Cubero","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"ref212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.55563\/clinexprheumatol\/9h6dtb","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: TReasure real-life data","volume":"40","author":"Kalyoncu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2018.1481566","article-title":"Long-term deterioration of interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with abatacept","volume":"29","author":"Mochizuki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4861","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-021-05854-w","article-title":"Abatacept in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: short-term outcomes and predictors of progression","volume":"40","author":"Tardella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.12.012","article-title":"Abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung disease: a national multicenter study of 63 patients","volume":"48","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-D\u00edaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3906","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa621","article-title":"Abatacept in interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis: national multicenter study of 263 patients","volume":"59","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-D\u00edaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00073","article-title":"Iguratimod as a new drug for rheumatoid arthritis: current landscape","volume":"11","author":"Xie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4687","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202107_26379","article-title":"Iguratimod attenuates general disease activity and improves lung function in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease patients","volume":"25","author":"Shu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1908681","article-title":"Nintedanib in progressive Fibrosing interstitial lung diseases","volume":"381","author":"Flaherty","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42075","article-title":"Nintedanib in patients with autoimmune disease-related progressive Fibrosing interstitial lung diseases: subgroup analysis of the INBUILD trial","volume":"74","author":"Matteson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.12.293","article-title":"Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of pirfenidone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study","volume":"161","author":"Solomon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147997231880947","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972318809476","article-title":"Differences in clinical features of acute exacerbation between connective tissue disease-associated interstitial pneumonia and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"16","author":"Enomoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chron Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.07.008","article-title":"Intravenous cyclophosphamide in acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease: a propensity-matched analysis using a nationwide inpatient database","volume":"51","author":"Nakamura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3109\/14397595.2016.1173816","article-title":"Efficacy of intensive immunosuppression in exacerbated rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"27","author":"Ota","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1900500","article-title":"Update on clinical aspects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"381","author":"Celli","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/s40744-017-0071-5","article-title":"Practical Management of Respiratory Comorbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Bluett","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rheumatol Ther"},{"key":"ref227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.11.075","article-title":"Reduced risk of serious pneumococcal infections up to 10 years after a dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in established arthritis","volume":"41","author":"Nagel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"keac 624","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac624","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccination in autoimmune diseases (COVAD) study: vaccine safety and tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis","author":"Naveen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-222006","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for the management and vaccination of people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases in the context of SARS-CoV-2: the November 2021 update","volume":"81","author":"Landew\u00e9","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.046","article-title":"The trouble with group 3 pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: dilemmas in diagnosis and the conundrum of treatment","volume":"158","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2013.08.004","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension due to lung disease and\/or hypoxia","volume":"34","author":"Nathan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"ref232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.02.015","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: prevalence, prognosis and 6 min walk test","volume":"106","author":"Andersen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"ref233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"00272","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00272-2022","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in interstitial lung disease: an area of unmet clinical need","volume":"8","author":"Dhont","year":"2022","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"ref234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2008470","article-title":"Inhaled Treprostinil in pulmonary hypertension due to interstitial lung disease","volume":"384","author":"Waxman","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(23)00002-4","article-title":"Treatable traits in interstitial lung diseases: a call to action","volume":"11","author":"Amati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1298\/ptr.R0012","article-title":"Respiratory impairment, limited activity, and pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with interstitial lung disease","volume":"24","author":"Kozu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Ther Res"},{"key":"ref237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30383-1","article-title":"Palliative care in interstitial lung disease: living well","volume":"5","author":"Kreuter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2016.12.013","article-title":"Survival and outcomes after lung transplantation for non-scleroderma connective tissue-related interstitial lung disease","volume":"36","author":"Courtwright","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"ref239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2014.01.858","article-title":"Survival and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease after lung transplantation","volume":"33","author":"Yazdani","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1129939\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T04:36:38Z","timestamp":1678941398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1129939\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"references-count":239,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2023.1129939"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1129939","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]]},"article-number":"1129939"}}