{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T11:55:48Z","timestamp":1784202948782,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":212,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is characterized by tissue inflammation in the host following an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The pathophysiology is complex and only incompletely understood yet. Donor lymphocyte interaction with the histocompatibility antigens of the host plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Inflammation may affect multiple organs and tissues, e.g., the gastrointestinal tract, liver, lung, fasciae, vaginal mucosa, and the eye. Subsequently, alloreactive donor-derived T and B lymphocytes may lead to severe inflammation of the ocular surface (i.e., cornea and conjunctiva) and the eyelids. Furthermore, fibrosis of the lacrimal gland may lead to severe dry eye. This review focuses on ocular GVHD (oGVHD) and provides an overview of current challenges and concepts in the diagnosis and management of oGVHD. Ophthalmic manifestations, diagnostic procedures, grading of severity and recommendations for ophthalmic examination intervals are provided. Management of ocular surface disease with lubricants, autologous serum eye drops, topical anti-inflammatory agents and systemic treatment options are described based on the current evidence. Ocular surface scarring and corneal perforation are severe complications of oGVHD. Therefore, ophthalmic screening and interdisciplinary treatment approaches are highly relevant to improve the quality of life of patients and to prevent potentially irreversible visual loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1133381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T09:19:58Z","timestamp":1676625598000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Challenges and concepts in the diagnosis and management of ocular graft-versus-host disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Christoph","family":"Tappeiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnd","family":"Heiligenhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joerg P.","family":"Halter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Miserocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Bandello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Goldblum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-022-01604-x","article-title":"Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapies in Europe 2020: a report from the EBMT activity survey","volume":"57","author":"Passweg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1609337","article-title":"Acute graft-versus-host disease\u2014biologic process, prevention, and therapy","volume":"377","author":"Zeiser","year":"","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1703472","article-title":"Pathophysiology of chronic graft-versus-host disease and therapeutic targets","volume":"377","author":"Zeiser","year":"","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-102119-073227","article-title":"Current concepts and advances in graft-versus-host disease immunology","volume":"39","author":"Hill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6190","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30304","article-title":"Involvement of ocular surface in graft-versus-host disease: An update from immunopathogenesis to treatment","volume":"236","author":"Bruscolini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2005.09.004","article-title":"National institutes of health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: I. diagnosis and staging working group report","volume":"11","author":"Filipovich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2014.12.001","article-title":"National Institutes of Health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: I. the 2014 diagnosis and staging working group report","volume":"21","author":"Jagasia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-019-04301-6","article-title":"Ocular surface system alterations in ocular graft-versus-host disease: all the pieces of the complex puzzle","volume":"257","author":"Giannaccare","year":"2019","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.46.6193","article-title":"Significant improvement in survival after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation during a period of significantly increased use, older recipient age, and use of unrelated donors","volume":"31","author":"Hahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2022.07.16","article-title":"Incidence of ocular manifestations in patients with graft versus host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplant in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","volume":"15","author":"Aldebasi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2021.1939390","article-title":"A review of ocular graft-versus-host disease: pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management","volume":"29","author":"Carreno-Galeano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2022.2046794","article-title":"Tear film immunological profile in patients with ocular graft versus host disease","author":"Serapicos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6714","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-12-323824","article-title":"Chronic GVHD risk score: a Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research analysis","volume":"117","author":"Arora","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1702422","article-title":"A randomised study of allogeneic transplantation with stem cells from blood or bone marrow","volume":"25","author":"Heldal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3419","DOI":"10.1038\/srep03419","article-title":"International chronic ocular graft-vs-host-disease (GVHD) consensus group: proposed diagnostic criteria for chronic GVHD (part I)","volume":"3","author":"Ogawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2009.10.001","article-title":"Pathogenesis and management of graft-versus-host disease","volume":"30","author":"Choi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin N Am"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"21","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of graft versus host disease following bone marrow transplantation","volume":"277","author":"Claes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1983.01040010580010","article-title":"The eye in bone marrow transplantation. I Clinical study","volume":"101","author":"Hirst","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2012.08.004","article-title":"Ocular graft-versus-host disease: a review","volume":"58","author":"Shikari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181ca321c","article-title":"Ocular graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"29","author":"Westeneng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.56","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with development of ocular GVHD defined by NIH consensus criteria","volume":"47","author":"Jacobs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.04.011","article-title":"Vision-related quality of life in patients with ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"122","author":"Saboo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2016_20","article-title":"Update on ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"69","author":"Nair","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2018.04.007","article-title":"Tear inflammatory mediators and protein in eyes of post allogenic hematopoeitic stem cell transplant patients","volume":"16","author":"Nair","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.187","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for ocular GVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"50","author":"Na","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S84704","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of graft-versus-host disease: 10 years\u2019 experience","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002659","article-title":"Risk factors for ocular involvement in pediatric graft-versus-host disease","volume":"40","author":"H\u00e9bert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.01120.x","article-title":"Dry-eye syndrome after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in children","volume":"86","author":"Fahnehjelm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90454-2","article-title":"Ocular findings after bone marrow transplantation in a pediatric population","volume":"106","author":"Suh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2005.06.002","article-title":"Ocular complications after organ and bone marrow transplantation in children","volume":"9","author":"Bradfield","year":"2005","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-015-2964-8","article-title":"Ocular complications in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation without total body irradiation","volume":"253","author":"Kinori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.2500","article-title":"Ocular complications in children within 1 year after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"131","author":"Kalinina Ayuso","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90023-4","article-title":"Ocular complications of pediatric bone marrow transplantation","volume":"106","author":"Ng","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019000216","article-title":"Benefits and challenges with diagnosing chronic and late acute GVHD in children using the NIH consensus criteria","volume":"134","author":"Cuvelier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-15630","article-title":"Recruitment of donor T cells to the eyes during ocular GVHD in recipients of MHC-matched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants","volume":"56","author":"Herretes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2016.07.012","article-title":"Novel scoring criteria for the evaluation of ocular graft-versus-host disease in a preclinical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation animal model","volume":"22","author":"Perez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010184","article-title":"Analyses and correlation of pathologic and ocular cutaneous changes in murine graft versus host disease","volume":"23","author":"Levy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v8.i10.1793","article-title":"Macrophage regulation of graft-vs-host disease","volume":"8","author":"Hong","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141606","article-title":"Immunobiology of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Welniak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13827","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1609118113","article-title":"Graft versus self (GvS) against T-cell autoantigens is a mechanism of graft-host interaction","volume":"113","author":"Mirza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181f5470c","article-title":"Identification of MHC II-restricted minor histocompatibility antigens after HLA-identical stem-cell transplantation","volume":"90","author":"Milosevic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-02-072405","article-title":"High-risk HLA allele mismatch combinations responsible for severe acute graft-versus-host disease and implication for its molecular mechanism","volume":"110","author":"Kawase","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602013340501","article-title":"Mismatches of minor histocompatibility antigens between HLA-identical donors and recipients and the development of graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation","volume":"334","author":"Goulmy","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.5.1788","article-title":"Tissue distribution of human minor histocompatibility antigens. Ubiquitous versus restricted tissue distribution indicates heterogeneity among human cytotoxic T lymphocyte-defined non-MHC antigens","volume":"149","author":"de Bueger","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2006.07.007","article-title":"The role of CD4+CD25hi regulatory T cells in the physiopathogeny of graft-versus-host disease","volume":"18","author":"Cohen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00988","article-title":"The IL-12 cytokine and receptor family in graft-vs.-host disease","volume":"10","author":"Bastian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2021.06.001","article-title":"National Institutes of Health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: IV. The (2020) highly morbid forms report","volume":"27","author":"Wolff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-013-8450-7","article-title":"The allure and peril of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: overcoming immune challenges to improve success","volume":"57","author":"Newman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V80.12.2964.2964","article-title":"Cytokine dysregulation and acute graft-versus-host disease","volume":"80","author":"Antin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02983793","article-title":"The pathophysiology of acute graft-versus-host disease","volume":"78","author":"Ferrara","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2022.09.009","article-title":"Meibomian gland dysfunction: a route of ocular graft-versus-host disease progression that drives a vicious cycle of ocular surface inflammatory damage","volume":"247","author":"Perez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-018-0340-0","article-title":"Ocular graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: expert review from the late effects and quality of life working committee of the CIBMTR and transplant complications working party of the EBMT","volume":"54","author":"Inamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2011-300514","article-title":"Comparison of stem cell sources in the severity of dry eye after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"96","author":"Uchino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2011.73","article-title":"Donor-recipient gender difference affects severity of dry eye after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Kamoi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-0993-3","article-title":"Chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Denmark\u2014factors associated with risks and rates in adults according to conditioning regimen","volume":"56","author":"Jeppesen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306438","article-title":"Risk factors for the development of ocular graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) dry eye syndrome in patients with chronic GVHD","volume":"99","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-018-0339-6","article-title":"Non-GVHD ocular complications after hematopoietic cell transplantation: expert review from the late effects and quality of life working committee of the CIBMTR and transplant complications working party of the EBMT","volume":"54","author":"Inamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.171280","article-title":"Ocular graft versus host disease in allogenic haematopoetic stem cell transplantation in a tertiary care Centre in India","volume":"142","author":"Khan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"ref59","first-page":"2533","article-title":"Morphologic evaluation of meibomian glands in chronic graft-versus-host disease using in vivo laser confocal microscopy","volume":"17","author":"Ban","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2015.72","article-title":"Meibography and meibomian gland measurements in ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"50","author":"Engel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3516","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22073516","article-title":"Meibomian gland dysfunction in ocular graft vs. host disease: a need for pre-clinical models and deeper insights","volume":"22","author":"Appenteng Osae","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2022.07.027","article-title":"Desiccating stress significantly increases the risk for chronic ocular graft-versus-host-disease","volume":"28","author":"Gehlsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2022.09.002","article-title":"Multicenter prospective validation study for international chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease consensus diagnostic criteria","volume":"277","author":"Ogawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.08.040","article-title":"Validation of measurement scales in ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"119","author":"Inamoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-018-0224-3","article-title":"Impact of the 2014 NIH chronic graft-versus-host disease scoring criteria modifications assessed in a large cohort of severely affected patients","volume":"54","author":"Kerep","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1704453","article-title":"Topical corticosteroid therapy for cicatricial conjunctivitis associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"33","author":"Robinson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001109","article-title":"Validation of international chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) group diagnostic criteria as a chronic ocular GVHD-specific metric","volume":"36","author":"Rapoport","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2015.02.025","article-title":"Measuring therapeutic response in chronic graft-versus-host disease. National Institutes of Health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: IV. The 2014 response criteria working group report","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.05.035","article-title":"Prevalence of persistent corneal epithelial defects in chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"218","author":"Sinha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.83.10.1125","article-title":"Dry eye after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"83","author":"Ogawa","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.5581\/1516-8484.20120032","article-title":"Recommended screening and preventive practices for long-term survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"34","author":"Majhail","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.118.5.615","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the ocular surface disease index","volume":"118","author":"Schiffman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-21-6946","article-title":"Ocular surface disease index questionnaire as a sensitive test for primary screening of chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-018-0090-z","article-title":"Ocular findings and ocular graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation without total body irradiation","volume":"53","author":"Pathak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318226bf97","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease: report from the German-Austrian-Swiss consensus conference on clinical practice in chronic GVHD","volume":"31","author":"Dietrich-Ntoukas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.10.005","article-title":"Corneal higher-order aberrations in eyes with chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"18","author":"Shimizu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2015.05.020","article-title":"Impact of ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease on quality of life","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00720-4","article-title":"Ocular findings in allogeneic stem cell transplantation without total body irradiation","volume":"106","author":"Kerty","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1989.01070020413046","article-title":"The eye in bone marrow transplantation. III Conjunctival graft-vs-host disease","volume":"107","author":"Jabs","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajoc.2021.101224","article-title":"Corneal perforation in ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.2018.0007","article-title":"Impact of guideline-driven approach in follow-up of long-term complications after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant: single center experience","volume":"18","author":"Kaya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001122","article-title":"Posterior eye segment complications related to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"37","author":"Yoo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000150","article-title":"Ocular graft-versus-host disease: a review","volume":"41","author":"Balasubramaniam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-08-551994","article-title":"How we treat chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"125","author":"Flowers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2016.09.003","article-title":"New perspectives on dry eye definition and diagnosis: a consensus report by the Asia dry eye society","volume":"15","author":"Tsubota","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1703862","article-title":"Autologous serum eye drops for the treatment of severe dry eye in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"31","author":"Ogawa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2022.07.001","article-title":"Prevalence of neurotrophic keratopathy in patients with chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"26","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2009.312","article-title":"Baseline profiles of ocular surface and tear dynamics after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with or without chronic GVHD-related dry eye","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3182580762","article-title":"Efficacy of standardized and quality-controlled cord blood serum eye drop therapy in the healing of severe corneal epithelial damage in dry eye","volume":"32","author":"Versura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200310000-00008","article-title":"Grading of corneal and conjunctival staining in the context of other dry eye tests","volume":"22","author":"Bron","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"221","article-title":"Report of the National eye Institute\/industry workshop on clinical trials in dry eyes","volume":"21","author":"Lemp","year":"1995","journal-title":"CLAO J"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.001","article-title":"TFOS DEWS II diagnostic methodology report","volume":"15","author":"Wolffsohn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2017.78","article-title":"Ocular surface analysis in hematological patients before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: implication for daily clinical practice","volume":"31","author":"Giannaccare","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.04.002","article-title":"Tear Osmolarity and ocular surface parameters as diagnostic markers of ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"160","author":"Na","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000494","article-title":"Correlation between tear film Osmolarity and the disease score of the international chronic ocular graft-versus-host-disease consensus Group in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients","volume":"34","author":"Schargus","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000283","article-title":"Tear osmolarity in ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"33","author":"Berchicci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2016.06.025","article-title":"Development of definitive and reliable grading scales for Meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"169","author":"Arita","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2019.11.003","article-title":"In vivo Meibomian gland imaging techniques: a review of the literature","volume":"43","author":"Robin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.02.020","article-title":"Subtarsal fibrosis is associated with ocular surface Epitheliopathy in graft-versus-host disease","volume":"189","author":"Kheirkhah","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11081515","article-title":"Observation of chronic graft-versus-host disease mouse model cornea with in vivo confocal microscopy","volume":"11","author":"Shimizu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4511","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-27843","article-title":"Graft versus host disease-associated dry eye: role of ocular surface mucins and the effect of Rebamipide, a mucin Secretagogue","volume":"60","author":"Shamloo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10720","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-10237-w","article-title":"In vivo confocal microscopy evaluation of ocular surface with graft-versus-host disease-related dry eye disease","volume":"7","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-017-3759-x","article-title":"Corneal features in ocular graft-versus-host disease by in vivo confocal microscopy","volume":"255","author":"Tepelus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-015-0149-9","article-title":"Ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"112","author":"Dietrich-Ntoukas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1159\/000325034","article-title":"Conjunctival scrape cytology findings in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"54","author":"Hosseini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000451","article-title":"Ocular surface evaluation in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients","volume":"24","author":"Vanathi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1188\/13.CJON.621-626","article-title":"Ocular graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic transplantation","volume":"17","author":"Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9958713","article-title":"Conjunctival matrix Metalloproteinase-9 clinical assessment in early ocular graft versus host disease","volume":"2021","author":"Berchicci","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3521","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-24433","article-title":"Tear film proteomics reveal important differences between patients with and without ocular GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"59","author":"Gerber-Hollbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2005.10.023","article-title":"Histopathologic diagnosis of chronic graft-versus-host disease: National Institutes of Health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in chronic graft-versus-host disease: II. Pathology working group report","volume":"12","author":"Shulman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2013.06.007","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of graft-versus-host disease","volume":"27","author":"Nassar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref112","first-page":"S2666","article-title":"Biomarkers in ocular graft-versus-host disease: implications for the involvement of B cells","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12047","article-title":"Impact of ocular graft-versus-host disease on visual quality of life in patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: questionnaire study","volume":"92","author":"Riemens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-017-0488-9","article-title":"Ocular graft versus host disease: corneal complications","volume":"114","author":"Westekemper","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E559","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10080559","article-title":"A review of dry eye questionnaires: measuring patient-reported outcomes and health-related quality of life","volume":"10","author":"Okumura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2016.221","article-title":"Long-term safety and efficacy of autologous platelet lysate drops for treatment of ocular GvHD","volume":"52","author":"Pezzotta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6114","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22116114","article-title":"Cascade of inflammatory, fibrotic processes, and stress-induced senescence in chronic GVHD-related dry eye disease","volume":"22","author":"Ogawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2021.1860014","article-title":"Topical preservative-free ophthalmic treatments: an unmet clinical need","volume":"18","author":"Figus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-013-2301-z","article-title":"Graft versus host disease: clinical evaluation, diagnosis and management","volume":"251","author":"Espana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15926","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-19990-z","article-title":"A plethora of ocular surface manifestations in a multidisciplinary ocular graft-versus-host disease unit","volume":"12","author":"Trindade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2013.107","article-title":"Prophylaxis and treatment of GVHD: EBMT\u2013ELN working group recommendations for a standardized practice","volume":"49","author":"Ruutu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001071","article-title":"A review of ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"94","author":"Munir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.03.024","article-title":"Reduced efficacy of low-dose topical steroids in dry eye disease associated with graft-versus-host disease","volume":"190","author":"Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e3181a16472","article-title":"High-frequency topical cyclosporine 0.05% in the treatment of severe dry eye refractory to twice-daily regimen","volume":"28","author":"Dastjerdi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1701304","article-title":"The use of topical cyclosporin a in ocular graft-versus-host-disease","volume":"22","author":"Kiang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000208818.47861.1d","article-title":"Ophthalmic cyclosporine use in ocular GVHD","volume":"25","author":"Lelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00176-1","article-title":"Two multicenter, randomized studies of the efficacy and safety of cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion in moderate to severe dry eye disease. CsA phase 3 study group","volume":"107","author":"Sall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705900","article-title":"Ocular surface and tear functions after topical cyclosporine treatment in dry eye patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-02031-0","article-title":"The disposable bandage soft contact lenses therapy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography for management of ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1159\/000502405","article-title":"Cyclosporine a for the prevention of ocular graft versus host disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients is safe and feasible","volume":"143","author":"Cant\u00fa-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.02.044","article-title":"A clinical trial comparing the safety and efficacy of topical tacrolimus versus methylprednisolone in ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"123","author":"Abud","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.11.035","article-title":"Long-term result of maintenance treatment with tacrolimus ointment in chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"159","author":"Jung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2012.26.4.241","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of 0.03% tacrolimus ointment for ocular graft versus host disease and vernal keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"26","author":"Ryu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bjophthalmol-2015-307666","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-307666","article-title":"Treatment of severe chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease using 100% autologous serum eye drops from a sealed manufacturing system: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"101","author":"Tahmaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.64","article-title":"Autologous platelet lysate for treatment of refractory ocular GVHD","volume":"47","author":"Pezzotta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2012.0002","article-title":"Allogeneic serum eye drops for the treatment of dry eye patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"28","author":"Na","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-020-04865-8","article-title":"Detection of systemic immunosuppressants in autologous serum eye drops (ASED) in patients with severe chronic ocular graft versus host disease","volume":"259","author":"Tahmaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705566","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of umbilical cord serum eyedrops for the treatment of dry eye associated with graft-versus-host disease","volume":"39","author":"Yoon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.006","article-title":"TFOS DEWS II management and therapy report","volume":"15","author":"Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12325","article-title":"Cytokine profile of autologous platelet-derived eye drops in patients with ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"110","author":"Valentini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e3182960ff9","article-title":"Using goggles to increase periocular humidity and reduce dry eye symptoms","volume":"39","author":"Korb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-0824-6","article-title":"Adverse environmental conditions are a risk factor for ocular GvHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.[letter]","volume":"55","author":"Steven","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705621","article-title":"Effect of pilocarpine hydrochloride on unstimulated whole saliva flow rate and composition in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD)","volume":"39","author":"Agha-Hosseini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.9.3.29","article-title":"Dupilumab-associated mucin deficiency (DAMD)","volume":"9","author":"Barnett","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S215","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000455","article-title":"Long-term topical Diquafosol Tetrasodium treatment of dry eye disease caused by chronic graft-versus-host disease: a retrospective study","volume":"44","author":"Yamane","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S40798","article-title":"Rebamipide ophthalmic suspension for the treatment of dry eye syndrome: a critical appraisal","volume":"8","author":"Kashima","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2011.205","article-title":"Punctal occlusion is safe and efficient for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in patients with ocular GvHD","volume":"47","author":"Sabti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2012.50","article-title":"Surgical management of lacrimal punctal cauterization in chronic GVHD-related dry eye with recurrent punctal plug extrusion","volume":"47","author":"Yaguchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ico.0000214802.40313.fa","article-title":"Dysfunctional tear syndrome: a Delphi approach to treatment recommendations","volume":"25","author":"Behrens","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318155743d","article-title":"Boston scleral lens prosthetic device for treatment of severe dry eye in chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"26","author":"Jacobs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2017.9","article-title":"Scleral lenses for severe chronic GvHD-related keratoconjunctivitis sicca: a retrospective study by the SFGM-TC","volume":"52","author":"Magro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0b013e318188e205","article-title":"Jupiter scleral lenses in the management of chronic graft versus host disease","volume":"34","author":"Schornack","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2007.05.006","article-title":"Use of fluid-ventilated, gas-permeable scleral lens for management of severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca secondary to chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"13","author":"Takahide","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000186","article-title":"PROSE treatment for ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease as a clinical network expands","volume":"42","author":"DeLoss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2021.02.008","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of 1% progesterone gel to the forehead for ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"27","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icl.0000244154.76214.2d","article-title":"Extended-wear silicone hydrogel soft contact lenses in the management of moderate to severe dry eye signs and symptoms secondary to graft-versus-host disease","volume":"33","author":"Russo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2015.07.013","article-title":"Bandage soft contact lenses for ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"21","author":"Inamoto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2003.025551","article-title":"Doxycycline-a role in ocular surface repair","volume":"88","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2005.01.007","article-title":"Chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"20","author":"Horwitz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-021-01389-5","article-title":"Steroid-refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease: treatment options and patient management","volume":"56","author":"Wolff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.03.003","article-title":"Changes in immunosuppressive treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease: comparison of 2 surveys within allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant centers in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland","volume":"25","author":"Wolff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.03.008","article-title":"Steroid refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease: cost-effectiveness analysis","volume":"24","author":"Yalniz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-03-141481","article-title":"A multicenter prospective phase 2 randomized study of extracorporeal photopheresis for treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"112","author":"Flowers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2033122","article-title":"Ruxolitinib for glucocorticoid-refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"385","author":"Zeiser","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021012021","article-title":"Belumosudil for chronic graft-versus-host disease after 2 or more prior lines of therapy: the ROCKstar study","volume":"138","author":"Cutler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-07-793786","article-title":"Ibrutinib for chronic graft-versus-host disease after failure of prior therapy","volume":"130","author":"Miklos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03104","article-title":"BET Bromodomain inhibitors which permit Treg function enable a combinatorial strategy to suppress GVHD in pre-clinical allogeneic HSCT","volume":"9","author":"Copsel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122430","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.122430","article-title":"SYK inhibitor entospletinib prevents ocular and skin GVHD in mice","volume":"3","author":"Poe","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680701817366","article-title":"Suppressive effects of tranilast on eotaxin-1 production from cultured conjunctival fibroblasts","volume":"33","author":"Hida","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-200204000-00008","article-title":"Effects of tranilast on filtering blebs: a pilot study","volume":"11","author":"Chihara","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210101100215","article-title":"Multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation in severe ocular graft versus host disease","volume":"11","author":"Peris-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(96)82013-3","article-title":"Treatment of dry eye by blocking the lacrimal canaliculi","volume":"40","author":"Murube","year":"1996","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(92)31928-1","article-title":"Efficacy of laser punctal occlusion","volume":"99","author":"Benson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71406-0","article-title":"A prospective, randomized comparison of thermal cautery and argon laser for permanent punctal occlusion","volume":"116","author":"Vrabec","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)71647-2","article-title":"Lacrimal punctal occlusion for the treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis","volume":"124","author":"Yang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.9.1031","article-title":"Surgical punctal occlusion: a prospective study","volume":"86","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2005.066969","article-title":"Efficacy of pressure topical anaesthesia in punctal occlusion by diathermy","volume":"89","author":"Law","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/112067219100100106","article-title":"Manifestations of graft-versus-host disease following allogenic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"1","author":"Arocker-Mettinger","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1987.93","article-title":"Botulinum toxin a induced protective ptosis","volume":"1","author":"Adams","year":"1987","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/s0929-6646(09)60125-x","article-title":"Recurrent corneal perforation and acute calcareous corneal degeneration in chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"105","author":"Yeh","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(89)90129-X","article-title":"Surgical management of corneal ulceration and perforation","volume":"34","author":"Portnoy","year":"1989","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70125-4","article-title":"Amniotic membrane transplantation for persistent epithelial defects with ulceration","volume":"123","author":"Lee","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)01032-6","article-title":"Amniotic membrane grafts for nontraumatic corneal perforations, descemetoceles, and deep ulcers","volume":"109","author":"Solomon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002179","article-title":"Efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation for the treatment of corneal ulcers","volume":"39","author":"Schuerch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-305224","article-title":"Amniotic membrane graft to conjunctival flap in treatment of non-viral resistant infectious keratitis: a randomised clinical study","volume":"99","author":"Abdulhalim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.4.444","article-title":"Suppression of interleukin 1alpha and interleukin 1beta in human limbal epithelial cells cultured on the amniotic membrane stromal matrix","volume":"85","author":"Solomon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200110000-00010","article-title":"Amniotic membrane transplantation in infectious corneal ulcer","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-01925-3","article-title":"Two case reports of continued progression of chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease without concurrent systemic comorbidities treated by amniotic membrane transplantation","volume":"21","author":"Ikarashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.4103\/2008-322X.180705","article-title":"Recurrent corneal perforation due to chronic graft versus host disease; a Clinicopathologic report","volume":"11","author":"Mohammadpour","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16678","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.16678","article-title":"Glueless and Sutureless multi-layer amniotic membrane transplantation in a patient with pending corneal perforation","volume":"13","author":"Lavaris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962250","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1049305","article-title":"Corneal perforation associated with ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.02.022","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors and complications of ocular graft-versus-host disease following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"227","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002526","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with corneal perforation in chronic ocular graft-versus-host-disease","volume":"40","author":"Sinha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-123148","article-title":"Osteo-Odonto-Keratoprosthesis in severe ocular graft versus host disease","volume":"234","author":"Plattner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2007.130567","article-title":"Visual rehabilitation in end-stage inflammatory ocular surface disease with the osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis: results from the UK","volume":"92","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1159\/000522440","article-title":"Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation for the treatment of uncontrolled glaucoma in a Boston Keratoprosthesis type II patient","volume":"13","author":"Orive Ba\u00f1uelos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000400","article-title":"Graft versus host disease: what should the oculoplastic surgeon know","volume":"28","author":"Tung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-318547","article-title":"Long-term outcome of cultivated oral mucosal epithelial transplantation for fornix reconstruction in chronic cicatrising diseases","volume":"106","author":"Komai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S75","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000592","article-title":"A case of a bilateral Cicatricial upper eyelid entropion after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Mucopolysaccharidosis type I","volume":"33","author":"Dulz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318247983d","article-title":"A combined approach of amniotic membrane and oral mucosa transplantation for fornix reconstruction in severe symblepharon","volume":"32","author":"Kheirkhah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"3001","article-title":"Cataract prevalence and cataract surgery outcomes in patients with ocular graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)","volume":"54","author":"Saboo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002779","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of cataract surgery in patients with chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"41","author":"Bae","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-015-2940-3","article-title":"Outcomes of phacoemulsification in patients with chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease","volume":"253","author":"Saboo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-022-05613-w","article-title":"Outcomes and complications of cataract surgery in patients with chronic ocular graft-versus-host-disease-a multicenter, retrospective analysis","volume":"260","author":"Gehlsen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00675-3","article-title":"Phacoemulsification in patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation","volume":"108","author":"Balaram","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(01)01165-8","article-title":"Cataract surgery in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients with graft-versus-host disease(1)","volume":"28","author":"Penn","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"ref207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000395","article-title":"Outcomes of cataract surgery in graft-versus-host disease","volume":"34","author":"de Melo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.006668","article-title":"Mouse models of graft-versus-host disease: advances and limitations","volume":"4","author":"Schroeder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"ref209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e09394","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.09394","article-title":"MHC-compatible bone marrow stromal\/stem cells trigger fibrosis by activating host T cells in a scleroderma mouse model","volume":"5","author":"Ogawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"elife"},{"key":"ref210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10778","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201900218R","article-title":"Senescence-associated secretory phenotype promotes chronic ocular graft-vs-host disease in mice and humans","volume":"34","author":"Yamane","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001206","article-title":"A pilot randomized trial on safety and efficacy of a novel topical combined inhibitor of Janus kinase 1\/3 and spleen tyrosine kinase for GVHD-associated ocular surface disease","volume":"36","author":"Kheirkhah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.10.004","article-title":"Pathological consequences of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in tear fluid and therapeutic potential of pooled human immune globulin-eye drops in dry eye disease","volume":"18","author":"Kwon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1133381\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T14:07:17Z","timestamp":1676902037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1133381\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"references-count":212,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2023.1133381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1133381","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"article-number":"1133381"}}