{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:58:52Z","timestamp":1790200732447,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the complications associated with the different gastrostomy techniques [endoscopic (PEG), radiologic (PRG), and surgical (SG)] performed in the last 26\u2009years in a terciary hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective observational study. Patients who underwent gastrostomy at the Virgen del Roc\u00edo University Hospital between 1995 and 2021 were included. For PEG, the PULL technique was performed until 2018 and subsequently the PUSH technique predominantly. For PRG, a pigtail catheter was used until 2003, a balloon catheter between 2003 and 2009, and a balloon catheter with gastropexy between 2015 and 2021. For SG, the conventional technique (CSG) was performed until 2009 and since then the laparoscopic assisted percutaneous gastrostomy (PLAG) technique. Descriptive analysis was performed obtaining the median and quartiles of the quantitative variables [P50 (P25-P75)] and the frequency for the qualitative variables [<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> (%)].The comparison of complications between patients who underwent different techniques was performed with Fisher\u2019s test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091,070 (PEG\u2009=\u2009608, PRG\u2009=\u2009344, SG\u2009=\u2009118). The three most frequent indications were head and neck tumors, neurological diseases and gastroesophageal tumors. The percentage of patients who had any complication was 48.9% (PEG-PULL), 23.7% (PEG-PUSH), 38.5% (pigtail PRG), 39.2% (balloon PRG), 29.7% (balloon with gastropexy PRG), 87.3% (CSG), and 41.26% (PLAG). 2 (0.18%) patients died from gastrostomy-related complications. 18(1.68%) presented with peritonitis and 5 (0.4%) presented with gastrocolic fistula. The rest of the complications were minor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastrostomy in any of its modalities is currently a safe procedure with a low rate of complications, most of which are minor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1191204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T06:22:04Z","timestamp":1697523724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Gastrostomies: experience and complications with three modalities in a tertiary centre over a 26-year period"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Pi\u00f1ar-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Serrano-Aguayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roc\u00edo V\u00e1zquez","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia Garc\u00eda","family":"Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"Tatay-Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Garrancho-Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo J.","family":"Rem\u00f3n-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio J.","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica Nacarino","family":"Mej\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Iglesias-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Socas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Morales-Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Jos\u00e9","family":"Garc\u00eda-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Bozada-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Pereira-Cunill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Pablo","family":"Garc\u00eda-Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2005.02.007","article-title":"Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy versus percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: a comparison of indications, complications and outcomes in 370 patients","volume":"56","author":"Silas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6339-1","article-title":"Complications of percutaneous endoscopic and radiologic gastrostomy tube insertion: a KASID (Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases) study","volume":"33","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SGA.0000296252.70834.19","article-title":"Complications of percutaneous endoscopic and fluoroscopic gastrostomy tube insertion procedures in 378 patients","volume":"30","author":"MacLean","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Nurs"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2017.10.014","article-title":"Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) versus radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG): a comparison of outcomes at an Australian teaching hospital","volume":"23","author":"Vidhya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1303-7449","article-title":"Endoscopic management of enteral tubes in adult patients - part 1: definitions and indications. 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