{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:59:19Z","timestamp":1789545559640,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare autoinflammatory disease, clinically characterized by chronic and recurrent episodes of osteoarticular inflammation, that generally presents in children and adolescents. From a dermatological point-of-view, CMRO can be associated with skin rashes mainly including psoriasis, palmoplantar pustulosis and acne. Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease classified within the spectrum of neutrophilic dermatoses that, in some cases, has been reported as cutaneous manifestation in CMRO patients. This paper presents a 16-year female patient diagnosed with CMRO, who presented PG lesions located on the lower leg, that arose after the administration of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 inhibitor adalimumab. Cases of PG have been reported in patients being treated with certain medications, including TNF-\u03b1 antagonists, leading to classified them in a setting aptly termed \u201cdrug-induced PG.\u201d In this paper, we discuss the co-occurrence of PG and CRMO, in the light of recent evidence on the pathogenesis of both diseases and giving ample space to a literature review on drug induced PG. In our case, it is plausible that PG could be considered a cutaneous manifestation of CRMO, although the mechanisms underlying this intriguingly relationship remain to be fully unraveled.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1197273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T05:35:48Z","timestamp":1685511348000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pyoderma gangrenosum following anti-TNF therapy in chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis: drug reaction or cutaneous manifestation of the disease? A critical review on the topic with an emblematic case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Romagnuolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Moltrasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Iannone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Gattinara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Cambiaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo 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