{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:10:25Z","timestamp":1792203025456,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270091"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270091"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in humans is a rare cause that mainly present as community-acquired pneumonia. Severe\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n                      pneumonia can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, or multiple organ dysfunction with a mortality rate of 15%\u201320% before accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has an advantage in achieving early diagnosis. In the study, omadacycline implementation was described to provide a better understanding of effectiveness in severe psittacosis pneumonia with ARDS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixteen patients with severe psittacosis pneumonia with ARDS were selected between September 2021 and October 2022. They were diagnosed using mNGS and treated with omadacycline. Retrospective analysis of clinical manifestations, laboratory data, disease progression, diagnostic tool, treatment, and prognosis was summarized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Common symptoms included fever, dyspnea, and cough. All patients developed ARDS, accompanied by septic shock (43.7%) and pulmonary embolism (43.7%). Laboratory data showed normal leucocytes, increased creatine kinase isoenzyme, and decreased albumin with liver dysfunction in most patients. All patients had increased neutrophils, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and D-dimer with decreased lymphocytes. Airspace consolidation, ground glass opacity, and pleural effusion were found on chest CT. mNGS results were obtained in 24\u201348\u2009h to identify the diagnosis of Chlamydia psittacosis. All patients received mechanical ventilation with omadacycline treatment. Fourteen patients experienced complete recovery, while the other two patients died from multidrug-resistant bacterial infection and renal failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      mNGS has a significant value in the diagnosis of\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. Timely treatment of omadacycline can improve prognosis and provide a promising new option for the treatment of severe\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia psittaci<\/jats:italic>\n                      pneumonia with ARDS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1207534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T01:00:05Z","timestamp":1704675605000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Omadacycline for the treatment of severe pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Dao-Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-Xi","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-Yu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Chlamydophila psittaci infections in the Netherlands","volume":"45","author":"Pannekoek","year":"2009","journal-title":"Drugs Today"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-4918-y","article-title":"Animal sources for zoonotic transmission of psittacosis: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Hogerwerf","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-020-01429-0","article-title":"Metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of severe pneumonias caused by Chlamydia psittaci","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2022.2035194","article-title":"Aetiology of severe community acquired pneumonia in adults identified by combined detection methods: a multi-centre prospective study in China","volume":"11","author":"Qu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1647\/217-265","article-title":"Compendium of measures to control Chlamydia psittaci infection among humans (psittacosis) and pet birds (avian chlamydiosis)","volume":"31","author":"Balsamo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Avian Med Surg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731047","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.731047","article-title":"Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by Chlamydia psittaci: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/2052-2975.29","article-title":"Clinical features of endemic community-acquired psittacosis","volume":"2","author":"Branley","year":"2014","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1080\/17843286.2019.1590889","article-title":"Human psittacosis: a review with emphasis on surveillance in Belgium","volume":"75","author":"Rybarczyk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Clin Belg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3317-0","article-title":"Laboratory methods for case finding in human psittacosis outbreaks: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Nieuwenhuizen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.226.532","article-title":"National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians Psittacosis Compendium Committee. 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