{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T21:54:52Z","timestamp":1782856492244,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate periostin serum levels and skin expression in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 35 patients with diffuse (d-SSc) or limited (l-SSc) SSc, 15 patients with very early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (VEDOSS), and 30 sex-matched healthy controls. Periostin serum levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Periostin skin expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paired involved and uninvolved 5-mm skin biopsy samples in a subgroup of 10 d-SSc and 10\u2009L-SSc patients. A 12-month follow-up was considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 50 patients (mean age 53.1\u2009\u00b1\u200916.1\u2009years; women 94%; mean disease duration 38.2\u2009\u00b1\u200945.1\u2009months; anti-centromere 50%; anti-Scl70 40%), 35 of them with a definite SSc (68.8% l-SSc; 31.4% d-SSc; mean mRSS 9.0\u2009\u00b1\u20097.2) and 15 with VEDOSS; 30 controls were also included in this study. Periostin serum levels were higher in SSc patients compared to controls (32.7\u2009\u00b1\u20098.0\u2009ng\/mL vs. 27.7\u2009\u00b1\u20097.3\u2009ng\/mL; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), while these levels were comparable among different groups of patients (29.7\u2009\u00b1\u20096.9\u2009ng\/mL in VEDOSS, 33.4\u2009\u00b1\u20097.8\u2009ng\/mL in lc-SSc; and 34.0\u2009\u00b1\u20098.5 in dc-SSc; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009ns). SSc patients with digital ulcers had higher periostin serum levels (36.2\u2009\u00b1\u20097.9\u2009ng\/mL vs. 30.6\u2009\u00b1\u20097.3\u2009ng\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.02). Samples from the involved skin of l-SSc and d-SSc patients showed a significant dermal expression of periostin; an identical periostin expression was evident in the uninvolved skin of patients with d-SSc. In 7 out of 10\u2009L-SSc patients, periostin expression was absent on uninvolved skin. In the remaining three l-SSc patients, a mild periostin expression on IHC was detectable on uninvolved skin and all of these three l-SSc patients presented a dramatic skin progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Periostin skin expression may be a useful biomarker to indicate the presence of a disease at a higher risk of rapid cutaneous involvement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1214523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T04:14:42Z","timestamp":1706069682000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Periostin expression in uninvolved skin as a potential biomarker for rapid cutaneous progression in systemic sclerosis patients: a preliminary explorative study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Giacomo","family":"De Luca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrado","family":"Campochiaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuele E.","family":"Burastero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Matucci-Cerinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Doglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Dagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0806188","article-title":"Scleroderma","volume":"360","author":"Gabrielli","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2008.01.006","article-title":"Signaling in fibrosis: targeting the TGF beta, endothelin-1 and CCN2 axis in 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