{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T09:37:22Z","timestamp":1787391442046,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Currently, the treatment strategies for angular pregnancy in the first trimester after assisted reproduction technology (ART) are unclear. Improper treatment will cause unnecessary losses to patients, especially infertile patients, after ART. The purpose of this study was to clarify the pregnancy outcomes of expectant treatment for angular pregnancy post-ART and to provide a basis for the formulation of clinical treatment strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective case series study was performed at the Reproductive Medicine Center of a university hospital. Maternal data and pregnancy outcomes were collected and analyzed for all patients diagnosed with angular pregnancies after ART between January 2016 and August 2021. The outcomes included live birth, term birth, premature birth, early pregnancy loss, fetal death, placental abruption, uterine rupture, maternal death, and hysterectomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 78 patients were analyzed in this study, of whom 54 (69.2%) had live births, 44 (56.4%) had term births, 21 (26.9%) had an early pregnancy loss, 1 (1.3%) had mid-trimester missed abortion, 1 (1.3%) underwent mid-trimester labor induction due to fetal malformation, and 1 (1.3%) underwent uterine rupture. There were no cases of maternal death, placental abruption, or hysterectomies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Angular pregnancy after ART is not as dangerous as that described in previous studies; most cases could be treated expectantly under close-interval follow-up and obtain live birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1234425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T09:40:58Z","timestamp":1692697258000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Expectant treatment for angular pregnancy after assisted reproduction technology: a safe and patient-friendly treatment strategy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Peiwen","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihui","family":"Ai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Operative gynecology","author":"Kelly","year":"1898"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40738-020-00077-0","article-title":"Differentiating pregnancies near the uterotubal junction (angular, cornual, and interstitial): a review and recommendations","volume":"6","author":"Finlinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil Res Pract"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.23937\/2377-9004\/1410015","article-title":"Angular pregnancy: a review of cases reported in the past 80 years","volume":"1","author":"Rankin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gynecol Case Rev"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"167","article-title":"Angular intrauterine pregnancy","volume":"58","author":"Jansen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003595","article-title":"Refining angular pregnancy diagnosis in the first trimester: a case series of expectant management","volume":"135","author":"Bollig","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13748","article-title":"Interstitial and angular pregnancies: case reports and differential diagnosis","volume":"44","author":"Cordeiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"702","article-title":"Angular pregnancy: an eccentric implantation within uterine cavity","volume":"33","author":"Mustafa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2022.12.059","article-title":"Angular pregnancy after in-vitro fertilization with timely termination to avoid uterine rupture: a case report","volume":"46","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asian J Surg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2019.10.007","article-title":"Angular pregnancy","volume":"27","author":"Yen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2021.09.003","article-title":"Spontaneous angular dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy: a case report","volume":"117","author":"Papiccio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1159\/000510510","article-title":"Hysteroscopic intact removal of angular and caesarean scar pregnancy: a novel and markedly less invasive surgical treatment","volume":"86","author":"Mollo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Investig"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2018.08.002","article-title":"A novel approach to management of angular pregnancies: a case series","volume":"26","author":"Laus","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.325115153","article-title":"MR imaging findings of ectopic pregnancy: a pictorial review","volume":"32","author":"Parker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crwh.2018.e00068","article-title":"Angular vs. interstitial pregnancy: a case report highlighting diagnostic nuances with stark management differences. Case rep","volume":"19","author":"Marfori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Womens Health"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000109218.24211.79","article-title":"Interstitial pregnancy: results generated from the Society of Reproductive Surgeons Registry","volume":"103","author":"Tulandi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-021-01077-7","article-title":"Two cases of angular pregnancy with incomplete abortion treated with hysteroscopy: a case report and review of literature","volume":"21","author":"Meichen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2010.01405.x","article-title":"Term angular pregnancy: successful expectant management","volume":"37","author":"Alves","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-022-00668-1","article-title":"Diagnostic dilemma between angular and interstitial ectopic pregnancy: 3D ultrasound features","volume":"25","author":"Durand","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Ultrasound"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1234425\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T09:41:01Z","timestamp":1692697261000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1234425\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2023.1234425"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1234425","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"article-number":"1234425"}}