{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T23:40:37Z","timestamp":1778542837414,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with distinct manifestations in women and girls including short stature, cardiac abnormalities, premature ovarian failure as well as dermatological features, including lymphedema, keloids, onychodystrophy, and acne. Although many dermatological concerns present during the first few decades of life, the overwhelming majority of respondents are not provided with dermatology referrals at diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross-sectional study utilized an author designed survey to assess self-reported dermatological manifestations, dermatology referral experience, common therapies for select dermatological conditions, as well as a validated 10-question Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) to assess quality-of-life impact in women and girls with Turner syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our cohort, 64% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009149) had been referred to a dermatologist at some point in their life time. The majority of individuals self-identified their dermatological concern (79.6%) and were referred after a dermatological concern had already occurred (90.2%). The most common dermatological findings reported were xerosis cutis (78.7%), lymphedema (73%), and more than 20 acquired melanocytic nevi (70%). The overall mean DLQI score was 3.52, indicative of a small effect on the patient\u2019s life. Onychodystrophy, history of skin biopsy, and lymphedema were statistically significant to have a higher impact on quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data reveal that skin conditions are highly prevalent in the TS population during the early decades of life and affirm utilizing these conditions in the TS diagnostic process, as well as emphasize the need for specialized dermatology referrals to address the detrimental impacts related to skin concerns on quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1235187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T17:54:40Z","timestamp":1694627680000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Dermatological concerns for women and girls with turner syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Rodriguez-Buritica","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meaghan","family":"Mones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siddharth K.","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Aldrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Rogge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac016","article-title":"The changing face of turner syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Gravholt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ics.2006.06.001","article-title":"Lymphatic, tooth and skin manifestations in turner syndrome","volume":"1298","author":"Gunther","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Congr Ser"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.07.031","article-title":"Turner\u2019s syndrome in dermatology","volume":"50","author":"Lowenstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1369","article-title":"Association between fetal lymphedema and congenital cardiovascular defects in turner syndrome","volume":"115","author":"Loscalzo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018817746291","article-title":"Current best practice in the management of turner syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Shankar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.10.023","article-title":"Dermatologic findings in individuals with turner syndrome: a cross-sectional study across the lifespan","volume":"87","author":"Said","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90636-u","article-title":"Effects of human growth hormone therapy on melanocytic naevi","volume":"341","author":"Bourguignon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1997.tb03784.x","article-title":"Lack of effect of growth hormone therapy on the count and density of melanocytic naevi in children","volume":"137","author":"Zvulunov","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-17-0430","article-title":"International turner syndrome consensus group. 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