{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:41:54Z","timestamp":1776400914925,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D plays a critical role in the regulation of multiple physiological pathways. Vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for life-threatening clinical conditions. Several studies have found that vitamin D supplementation in critically ill patients improves prognosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between vitamin D and the prognosis of patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective cohort study, we collected clinical information of ARF patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) version 2.0 database. The outcome of this study was in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. Patients were divided into the no-vitamin D and vitamin D groups according to whether they received supplementation or not. The correlation between vitamin D and outcome was examined using Kaplan\u2013Meier (KM) survival curves, Cox proportional risk regression models and subgroup analyses. Propensity-score matching (PSM) was used to ensure the robustness of our findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study finally included 7,994 patients with ARF, comprising 6,926 and 1,068 in the no-vitamin D and vitamin D groups, respectively. The Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curve indicated a significant difference in survival probability between the two groups. After adjustment for a series of confounders, the multivariate Cox proportional hazards models showed that the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) values for in-hospital and ICU mortality in the no-vitamin D group were 1.67 (1.45, 1.93) and 1.64 (1.36, 1.98), respectively. The results of propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis were consistent with the original population. In the subgroup analysis, Vitamin D supplementation was associated with lower in-hospital mortality in patients with higher clinical scores (SOFA score\u2009\u2265\u20098, OASIS\u2009\u2265\u200938).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study concluded that Vitamin D supplementation may reduce in-hospital and ICU mortality in patients with ARF in the ICU. There may be a beneficial effect on in-hospital mortality in patients with higher clinical scores. Additional randomized controlled trials are needed to follow up to confirm the relationship between vitamin D supplementation and ARF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1271060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T11:52:34Z","timestamp":1700740354000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Vitamin D supplementation is beneficial in improving the prognosis of patients with acute respiratory failure in the intensive care unit: a retrospective study based on the MIMIC-IV database"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Song","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/Cnq.0000000000000408","article-title":"Acute respiratory failure","volume":"45","author":"Villgran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Care Nurs Q"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30093-5","article-title":"Effect of non-invasive oxygenation strategies in immunocompromised patients with severe acute respiratory failure: a post-hoc analysis of a randomised trial. 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