{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:37:42Z","timestamp":1792687062738,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The recommendation of rifampin-based shorter - and safer \u2013 regimens for tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) is progressively replacing monotherapy with isoniazid by different countries. The Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) approved the incorporation of the Rifapentine + isoniazid regimen (3HP) at the end of 2020, with free distribution in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) started from the last quarter of 2021. The objectives were to describe the implementation of the IL-TB System (Information System of TPT Notification) and uptake of Rifapentine + isoniazid (3HP) and Isoniazid (6H or 9H) in Brazil.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A quantitative observational and descriptive was performed using the IL-TB National System as the main data source, from January 2018 to December 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a steady increase of the number of TPT prescription quarterly throughout the period, which reflects the implementation of the system itself and the progressive adherence of the health system to the non-compulsory notification of new TPT. The substitution of isoniazid (6H or 9H) by 3HP is progressing. The 3HP regimen represented less than 4% of the total administered by the end of 2021, reaching around 30% in the second half of 2022 and 40% in the last quarters of 2022. The study points not only to the need to expand TPT in the country, but also to accelerate 3HP uptake and to encourage the municipalities to notify to the IL-TB system, since there is still a high level of underreporting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1289298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T05:01:55Z","timestamp":1704430915000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The incorporation of the 3HP regimen for tuberculosis preventive treatment in the Brazilian health system: a secondary-database nationwide analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Luiz Villarinho Pereira","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anete","family":"Trajman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f4nica Rodrigues","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilena Cordeiro Dias Villela","family":"Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia Garcia Serpa","family":"Osorio-de-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6901a1","article-title":"Guidelines for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection: recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2020","volume":"69","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"64","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref3","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(23)00096-6","article-title":"Completion, safety, and efficacy of tuberculosis preventive treatment regimens containing rifampicin or rifapentine: an individual patient data network meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Winters","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1714283","article-title":"Four months of rifampin or nine months of isoniazid for latent tuberculosis in adults","volume":"379","author":"Menzies","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-0609","article-title":"Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection: an updated network Meta-analysis","volume":"167","author":"Zenner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1802180","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02180-2018","article-title":"New short regimens for latent tuberculosis treatment: safety first!","volume":"52","author":"Menzies","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"51","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Monitoramento e Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de Tecnologias em Sa\u00fade. Rifapentina + isoniazida para o tratamento da Infec\u00e7\u00e3o Latente pelo","author":"da Sa\u00fade","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref10","author":"da Sa\u00fade","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2021.100166","article-title":"Scaling up investigation and treatment of household contacts of tuberculosis patients in Brazil: a cost-effectiveness and budget impact analysis","volume":"8","author":"Bastos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Am"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.19.0728","article-title":"A public health approach to increase treatment of latent TB among household contacts in Brazil","volume":"24","author":"Bastos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref13","volume-title":"WHO collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology.","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat\u00edstica). Popula\u00e7\u00e3o | IBGE","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref15","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref16","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref17","author":"Coutinho","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1097\/JCMA.0000000000000605","article-title":"Hepatotoxicity, efficacy and completion rate between 3 months of isoniazid plus rifapentine and 9 months of isoniazid in treating latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"84","author":"Tseng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD007545","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007545.pub2","article-title":"Rifamycins (rifampicin, rifabutin and rifapentine) compared to isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in HIV-negative people at risk of active TB","volume":"2013","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00027321","DOI":"10.1590\/0102-311X00027321","article-title":"A simple protocol for tuberculin skin test reading certification","volume":"37","author":"Gloria","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cad Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade e Ambiente. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade (SVS\/MS).","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0676","article-title":"Implementing 3HP vs. IPT as TB preventive treatment in Pakistan","volume":"26","author":"Jaswal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0213524","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213524","article-title":"Treatment of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection with 12 once weekly directly-observed doses of isoniazid and rifapentine among persons experiencing homelessness","volume":"14","author":"Nwana","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-021-00173-2","article-title":"Acceptance and completion of rifapentine-based TB preventive therapy (3HP) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Kampala, Uganda-patient and health worker perspectives","volume":"2","author":"Semitala","year":"2021","journal-title":"Implement Sci Commun"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.01.063","article-title":"Effect of implementation of a 12-dose once-weekly treatment (3HP) in addition to standard regimens to prevent TB on completion rates: interrupted time series design","volume":"117","author":"Alvarez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89102007000800008","article-title":"Retrospecto do controle da tuberculose no Brasil","volume":"41","author":"Hijjar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Saude Publica"},{"key":"ref27","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1289298\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]],"date-time":"2024-01-05T05:02:24Z","timestamp":1704430944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1289298\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2023.1289298"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1289298","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,5]]},"article-number":"1289298"}}