{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T12:24:38Z","timestamp":1785846278270,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Healthcare workers (HCWs) have a higher risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis than the general population. In HCWs, the risk of tuberculosis infection depends on the local tuberculosis prevalence, HCWs\u2019 characteristics, the healthcare facility, and prevention and control measures. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for LTBI in HCWs at a northern Peruvian hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study had two phases: (1) a cross-sectional phase involving recruitment, history taking, and sampling for the Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA test), and (2) a prospective follow-up of IGRA-positive participants. We enrolled direct and non-direct patient caregivers among HCWs. We defined an LTBI case if the IGRA test was positive and clinical, laboratory, and radiological evaluations for active tuberculosis were negative.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 308 participants between November 2022 and May 2023. The mean age was 38.6 \u00b1 8.3 years. Over 75% of the participants were female. The most common job category was technicians (30.5%), physicians (22.7%), nurses (20.5%), and other HCWs groups (17.5%). Most participants worked in hospital wards (28.2%), diagnostics departments (16.9%), and critical care departments (15.6%). The LTBI prevalence among HCWs was 17.86% (95% CI 13.84\u201322.70). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age, time working in our hospital, and family history of tuberculosis, males had a higher risk of LTBI (aPR 1.69, 95% CI 1.01\u20132.77) than females. Working for more than 10 years increased the risk of LBTI (aPR 2.4, 95% CI 1.44\u20133.97) compared to working for \u226410 years. Even further, participants who had worked for more than 20 years had an aPR of 4.31 (95% CI 1.09\u201313.65) compared to those with \u226410 years. Similarly, occupational exposure increased the risk of LTBI (aPR 2.21, 95% CI 1.27\u20134.08) compared to those HCWs not occupationally exposed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The LTBI prevalence in HCWs at a northern Peruvian hospital was lower compared to other Peruvian cities. Males, more experienced, and occupational exposed HCWs are at higher risk of LTBI. LTBI prevalence in Peruvian HCWs is still high. More studies are needed to address some aspects this study has not examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1295299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T08:19:31Z","timestamp":1701332371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in health-care workers: a cross-sectional study at a northern Peruvian hospital"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Edinson Dante","family":"Meregildo-Rodriguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Yupt\u00f3n-Ch\u00e1vez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha Genara","family":"Asmat-Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Adolfo","family":"V\u00e1squez-Tirado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-019-02989-2","article-title":"Tuberculosis control: WHO perspective and guidelines.","volume":"86","author":"Kanchar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30024-8","article-title":"Building a tuberculosis-free world: the lancet commission on tuberculosis.","volume":"393","author":"Reid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-020-00667-6","article-title":"Of tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections - a comparative analysis of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment.","volume":"27","author":"Gopalaswamy","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17843\/rpmesp.2017.342.2384","article-title":"Tuberculosis en el Per\u00fa: situaci\u00f3n epidemiol\u00f3gica, avances y desaf\u00edos para su control.","volume":"34","author":"Alarc\u00f3n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Peru Med Exp Salud P\u00fablica."},{"key":"B5","author":"Sanchez","year":"2021","journal-title":"OPS\/OMS La tuberculosis en la Regi\u00f3n de las Am\u00e9ricas. 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