{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T04:41:40Z","timestamp":1775277700241,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders are the leading cause of non-genetic intellectual disability. The damage caused, although completely preventable, is irreversible and requires lifelong support. General Practitioners have an important role in the prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. However, evidence suggests that General Practitioners do not monitor systematically alcohol consumption among pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to understand the barriers and motivations of General Practitioners in the prevention of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders on Reunion Island.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A qualitative research study was conducted by conducting semi-structured individual interviews with general practitioners. Participants were selected by random or snowball sampling. General practitioners who worked only in unscheduled care services were excluded from this study. After the interviews were transcribed, a verbatim analysis was performed according to the principles of grounded theory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty interviews were conducted by two researchers between November and December 2020. General practitioners expressed discomfort in addressing alcohol consumption and excessive drinking in women. They had inaccurate theoretical knowledge and a lack of practical experience with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. They also showed little knowledge of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders care pathway available on Reunion Island. Both patients and general practitioners expressed discomfort when discussing women\u2019s alcohol consumption. Conflicting government policies were highlighted as alcohol promotion campaigns overshadowed Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders prevention initiatives.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>General practitioners should be open and non-judgmental in their interactions with women and couples, with a focus on early detection and short-term intervention. General practitioners should be better educated about Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and have a clearer understanding of the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders care pathway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1280349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T15:24:51Z","timestamp":1709220291000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Obstacles and facilitators to preventing fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a qualitative study with general practitioners"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Leruste","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Baelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9r\u00e9nice","family":"Doray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Maillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Marimoutou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Spodenkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3917\/psyt.231.0009","article-title":"Un p\u00e9diatre nantais \u00ab d\u00e9couvreur \u00bb du syndrome d\u2019alcoolisation f\u0153tale: le Dr Paul Lemoine (1917-2006)","volume":"23","author":"Fillaut","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychotropes"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91092-1","article-title":"Recognition of the fetal alcohol syndrome in early infancy","volume":"302","author":"Jones","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e290","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30021-9","article-title":"Estimation of national, regional, and global prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy and fetal alcohol syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Popova","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4079(19)33780-X","article-title":"Consommation d\u2019alcool, de tabac ou de cannabis au cours de la grossesse","volume":"188","author":"Nordmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull Acad Nat M\u00e9d"},{"key":"ref5","author":"Obradovic","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respe.2017.06.003","article-title":"Fiscalit\u00e9 des rhums traditionnels en outre-mer et sant\u00e9 publique: l\u2019exemple de l\u2019\u00eele de La R\u00e9union [Taxation of traditional rums in French overseas territories and public health: the example of Reunion Island]","volume":"65","author":"M\u00e9t\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"1708","article-title":"Syndrome d\u2019alcoolisme foetal \u00e0 l\u2019\u00eele de La R\u00e9union","volume":"9","author":"Lesure","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nouv Press Med"},{"key":"ref8","author":"La R\u00e9union","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"935","article-title":"Impacts of alcohol use in pregnancy--the role of the GP","volume":"36","author":"Peadon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref10","author":"La R\u00e9union","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"142","article-title":"Introduction \u00e0 la recherche qualitative","volume":"84","author":"Aubin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exercer"},{"key":"ref13","volume-title":"Manuel d\u2019Analyse Qualitative: Analyser Sans Compter ni Classer","author":"Lejeune","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respe.2011.03.059","article-title":"Le d\u00e9veloppement du rep\u00e9rage des pratiques addictives en m\u00e9decine g\u00e9n\u00e9rale en France","volume":"59","author":"Beck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev D\u00c9pid\u00e9miol Sant\u00e9 Publ"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-018-1103-9","article-title":"The practices of French general practitioners regarding screening and counselling pregnant women for tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking","volume":"63","author":"Andler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Public Health"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3917\/psyt.231.0089","article-title":"L\u2019alcoologie et les futurs m\u00e9decins g\u00e9n\u00e9ralistes fran\u00e7ais: \u00c9valuation des connaissances, des pratiques et de la formation re\u00e7ue en fin d\u2019internat","volume":"23","author":"Djengu\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychotropes"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-1683.68787","article-title":"Simulation-based medical teaching and learning","volume":"17","author":"Al-Elq","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Fam Community Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3917\/cips.107.0435","article-title":"Repr\u00e9sentations sociales de l\u2019alcoolisme f\u00e9minin et masculin en fonction des pratiques de consommation d\u2019alcool","volume":"107","author":"Taschini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cah Int Psychol Soc"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2017.05.002","article-title":"Preconception care among low-risk mothers in a French perinatal network: frequency of utilization and factors associated","volume":"46","author":"Paradis","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref20","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.3917\/cips.107.0403","article-title":"Alcool et grossesse: une recherche qualitative aupr\u00e8s de femmes enceintes","volume":"107","author":"Brahic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cah Int Psychol Soc"},{"key":"ref22","author":"Cogordan","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref23","author":"M\u00e9t\u00e9","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1280349\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T15:24:56Z","timestamp":1709220296000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1280349\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2024.1280349"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1280349","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"article-number":"1280349"}}