{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:23:18Z","timestamp":1792628598424,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyze the clinical characteristics and correlation of Fournier\u2019s gangrene induced by sodium-glucose cotransporter protein-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, providing references for safe clinical drug use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The CNKI, WanFang, and PubMed databases were searched, and relevant documents were collected and statistically analyzed. The basic information of patients, drug use information, adverse reactions and outcomes were extracted and analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 12 patients (8 males and 4 females) were included, with an average age of 55.6\u2009years (ranging from 34 to 72\u2009years). SGLT-2 inhibitors associated with Fournier\u2019s gangrene include empagliflozin (5 cases), dapagliflozin (5 cases), and canagliflozin (2 cases). Among them, 10 cases reported the time of first medication, ranging from 1\u2009month to 6\u2009years for the occurrence of adverse reactions. The most common concomitant drug was metformin (7 cases). Adverse reactions mainly manifested as redness, swelling and pain in the buttocks, perineum, perianal, scrotum and other positions, accompanied by an increased white blood cell count. Following surgery and antibiotic treatment, all patients showed improved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fournier\u2019s gangrene induced by SGLT-2 inhibitors is rare. If patients using SGLT-2 inhibitors are suspected of having Fournier\u2019s gangrene, it is recommended to discontinue the drugs immediately and initiate active treatment to ensure clinical safety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1301105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T11:26:45Z","timestamp":1712921205000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Case literature analysis of Fournier\u2019s gangrene caused by sodium-glucose protein-2 inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hailing","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L1027","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00167.2015","article-title":"Sglt inhibitors attenuate 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Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e237784","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-237784","article-title":"Fournier's gangrene with dapagliflozin in a rural hospital: a case report","volume":"14","author":"Elbeddini","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2020.11.037","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (Sglt2) inhibitor-induced euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis complicating the perioperative management of a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2dm) and Fournier's gangrene: a case report","volume":"77","author":"Lindsay","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s40800-019-0105-8","article-title":"Fournier's gangrene in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with Empagliflozin: a case report","volume":"6","author":"Nagano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Saf Case Rep"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.12896","article-title":"Fournier's gangrene in a patient on dapagliflozin treatment for type 2 diabetes","volume":"11","author":"Onder","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Diabetes"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13508","article-title":"Fournier's gangrene in a man on empagliflozin for treatment of type 2 diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.4081\/aiua.2016.3.157","article-title":"Fournier's gangrene. A clinical review","volume":"88","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Ital Urol Androl"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"71","article-title":"Fournier's gangrene: analysis of risk factors affecting the prognosis and cost of therapy in 18 cases","volume":"16","author":"Canbaz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"3","article-title":"The UK warns of the risk of genital or perineal necrotizing fasciitis with Sglt2 inhibitors","volume":"17","year":"2019","journal-title":"J China Prescript Drug"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"3","article-title":"The FDA warns that Sglt2 inhibitors may be associated with serious reproductive infections","volume":"16","year":"2018","journal-title":"J China Prescrip Drug"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-0085","article-title":"Fournier gangrene associated with sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 inhibitors: a review of spontaneous postmarketing cases","volume":"170","author":"Bersoff-Matcha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12825","article-title":"Urinary tract and genital infections in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2019.06.023","article-title":"Fournier gangrene: a review for emergency clinicians","volume":"57","author":"Montrief","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1301105\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T11:26:49Z","timestamp":1712921209000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1301105\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2024.1301105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1301105","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]]},"article-number":"1301105"}}