{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T17:52:04Z","timestamp":1780336324325,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tuberous sclerosis complex is a genetic neurocutaneous autosomal dominant syndrome, characterized by the development of multiple benign tumors (hamartomas) affecting various systems. Heart-benign tumors that result from the complex are called cardiac rhabdomyomas. Unlike hamartomas that occur in other organs, cardiac rhabdomyomas are most prevalent in infants and very young children with tuberous sclerosis complex. We present a case of a young adult with tuberous sclerosis who had an unusually late diagnosis of cardiac rhabdomyomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 22-year-old male patient of Afro-descendant, diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis complex in childhood, presented with refractory epilepsy and was treated only with lacosamide. The patient came to medical consultation due to a recent history of episodic, persistent chest pain in the sternal region, associated with physical effort. Echocardiography revealed a non-dilated left ventricle, with several rounded masses of high echogenicity without pedicles at the apical level, the largest measuring 14\u2009\u00d7\u200911\u2009mm, consistent with cardiac rhabdomyomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac rhabdomyomas rarely develop in adulthood for individuals with tuberous sclerosis. These late-onset cases can exhibit various symptoms, from simple to complex presentations. Regular clinical checkups are essential for adults with tuberous sclerosis complex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1386089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T04:58:16Z","timestamp":1722401896000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unusual adult-onset cardiac rhabdomyomas in tuberous sclerosis complex: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"H. A.","family":"Nati-Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oswaldo Aguilar","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlon","family":"Arias-Intriago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando P.","family":"Melgar Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan S.","family":"Izquierdo-Condoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-6448-9_8","article-title":"Tuberous sclerosis complex and DNA repair","volume":"685","author":"Habib","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20186972","article-title":"Tuberous sclerosis complex: review based on new diagnostic criteria","volume":"93","author":"Portocarrero","year":"2018","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2261-14-66","article-title":"Rhabdomyomas and tuberous sclerosis complex: our experience in 33 cases","volume":"14","author":"Sciacca","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289603501202","article-title":"Evolution of cardiac rhabdomyoma in tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"35","author":"Dimario","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acvd.2012.01.009","article-title":"Cardiac rhabdomyomas in tuberous sclerosis patients: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"105","author":"Benyounes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0803.2011.00502.x","article-title":"Tuberous sclerosis and cardiac rhabdomyomas: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"6","author":"Madueme","year":"2011","journal-title":"Congenit Heart Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2011.06.012","article-title":"Afecci\u00f3n cardiaca en la esclerosis tuberosa","volume":"66","author":"Valero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"224","article-title":"Rabdomioma cardiaco como manifestaci\u00f3n de esclerosis tuberosa: Presentaci\u00f3n de dos casos y revisi\u00f3n de la literatura","volume":"16","author":"Lince","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Colom Cardiol"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"280","article-title":"Echocardiographic screening results in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex","volume":"37","author":"Adriaensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tex Heart Inst J"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"139","article-title":"Brain lesions in tuberous sclerosis complex. 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