{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:43:37Z","timestamp":1792806217397,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mucormycosis has become more prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic and is associated with a high mortality rate. However, concurrent host allergic reactions, invasive pulmonary mucormycosis, and disseminated mucormycosis are rarely reported. Herein, we describe a case of disseminated mucormycosis initially misdiagnosed as a malignancy that developed from allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by <jats:italic>Rhizopus microsporus<\/jats:italic> in a woman with post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. The previously healthy patient presented with a sizeable mass in the right middle lobe and multiple lesions across the lungs, brain, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, and subcutaneous tissue 6 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, mimicking an extensive metastatic malignancy. Eosinophilia, elevated total plasma immunoglobulin E, and significant eosinophilic lung tissue infiltration were observed. <jats:italic>Rhizopus microsporus<\/jats:italic> was isolated from subcutaneous tissue, and hyphae were detected in the lung tissue. Sequential amphotericin B liposomes followed by isavuconazole antifungal therapy combined with systemic corticosteroids improved symptoms, significantly reduced the sizes of pulmonary lesions, and reduced eosinophil count. However, it failed to halt the overall progression of the disease, and the patient died. The absence of asthma-like symptoms and delayed recognition of invasive fungal infection signs contributed to poorer outcomes, highlighting the need for a thorough post-COVID-19 follow-up.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1394500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T05:08:56Z","timestamp":1719378536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Case report: Disseminated mucormycosis misdiagnosed as malignancy developed from allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a woman"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chengying","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laibin","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunxian","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangxiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e405","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30312-3","article-title":"Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis: an initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology in cooperation with the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium","volume":"19","author":"Cornely","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1086\/432579","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcome of zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases","volume":"41","author":"Roden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e543","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00237-8","article-title":"The emergence of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis: a review of cases from 18 countries","volume":"3","author":"Hoenigl","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13335","article-title":"ECMM\/ISHAM recommendations for clinical management of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"64","author":"Rudramurthy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mycoses."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.2.236","article-title":"Zygomycetes in human disease","volume":"13","author":"Ribes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666X.2016.1142874","article-title":"The spectrum of allergic fungal diseases of the upper and lower airways","volume":"12","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3109\/1040841X.2012.754401","article-title":"Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis due to fungi other than Aspergillus: a global overview","volume":"40","author":"Chowdhary","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-020-00222-1","article-title":"Host-pathogen molecular factors contribute to the pathogenesis of Rhizopus spp. in diabetes mellitus","volume":"8","author":"Morales-Franco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Trop Med Rep."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3390\/jof5010026","article-title":"Global epidemiology of mucormycosis","volume":"5","author":"Prakash","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Fungi."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e240","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00124-4","article-title":"Definition, diagnosis, and management of COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis: Delphi consensus statement from the Fungal Infection Study Forum and Academy of Pulmonary Sciences, India","volume":"22","author":"Muthu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4354","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24521-x","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection induces the dedifferentiation of multiciliated cells and impairs mucociliary clearance","volume":"12","author":"Robinot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-023-01269-3","article-title":"Insulin and early debridement keys to survival in-COVID 19 associated mucormycosis patients (CAM) - an experience from tertiary care hospital In India","volume":"22","author":"Thakur Rai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metab Disord."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831213","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.831213","article-title":"Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by mucor overlapping with invasive pulmonary mucormycosis: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1394500\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]],"date-time":"2024-06-26T05:08:58Z","timestamp":1719378538000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1394500\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"references-count":13,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2024.1394500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2024.1394500","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,26]]},"article-number":"1394500"}}