{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T16:35:47Z","timestamp":1780677347339,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a global cause of chronic liver disease. The prevalence of MASLD is high in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Various non-invasive tools such as the fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), liver ultrasound, and FibroScan can aid in the detection of liver fibrosis in MASLD, while the Hamaguchi ultrasound-based liver grading system has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity comparable to liver biopsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed the frequency of MASLD in patients with T2DM using the liver ultrasound Hamaguchi score and the accuracy of NFS and Fib-4 in identifying MASLD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively collected data and reviewed the charts of all patients with T2DM who underwent liver ultrasound and laboratory tests during the past 5\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 6,214 medical records were screened, and only 153 patients (68.6% women; mean age, 59\u2009\u00b1\u200912.2\u2009years) fulfilled the selection criteria. MASLD was diagnosed using the Hamaguchi grading criteria in 45.1% of patients. A high\/intermediate NFS had a higher sensitivity (79.7%) for diagnosing MASLD with a specificity of 10.7%, while a high\/intermediate Fib-4 score showed only 30.4% sensitivity but a higher specificity of 54.8%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study indicates that MASLD is frequent in patients with T2DM, and clinical prediction tools such as NFS and Fib-4 can be applied in clinic\/primary care settings with variable results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1425145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T10:46:13Z","timestamp":1727261173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Identifying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using clinic-based prediction tools"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Juma","family":"Alkaabi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bachar","family":"Afandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Alhaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darakhshan","family":"Kanwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adnan","family":"Agha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"67","author":"Chalasani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.11.004","article-title":"European Association for the Study of diabetes (EASD); European Association for the Study of obesity (EASO). 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