{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T12:35:32Z","timestamp":1789475732162,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82070611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020A1515010317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020A1515010317"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance is recommended as the ideal endpoint for nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) treatments. Functional cure of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is defined as having undetectable serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) deoxyribonucleic acid and serum HBsAg. We report a functional cure case of CHB with a family history of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after long-term NA therapy. Despite achieving functional cure for over 7\u2009years, both HBV covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid (cccDNA) and pregenomic ribonucleic acid (pgRNA) remain positive in the liver tissue of the patient, indicating that a sterilizing cure has not been achieved. This case highlights the importance of active surveillance of HBV cccDNA and pgRNA for sterilizing the cure and risk of HCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1427043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T04:49:01Z","timestamp":1730177341000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A case report: cccDNA and pgRNA remain positive in liver tissue in a chronic hepatitis B patient with functional cure"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wenxiong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiumin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeqiong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.12.116","article-title":"Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: new estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and 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