{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:39:57Z","timestamp":1787240397291,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although pulmonary tuberculosis is a common infectious disease, especially in low-and middle-income countries, female genital tract tuberculosis (TB) is rarely reported. Female genital TB might be asymptomatic or manifest clinically in an unusual way, making an early diagnosis challenging. The most often affected regions of the genital system are the fallopian tubes and endometrium. Menstrual abnormalities, infertility, and chronic pelvic pain are frequent presenting symptoms. Rare reports of vulvar and vaginal TB exist. This case report features a 35-year-old woman who had a bulging tumor in her vagina for a year before being identified with anterior vaginal wall TB, treated with anti-tuberculosis medication, and made improvements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2024.1502969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:20:18Z","timestamp":1737505218000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Female genital tuberculosis presenting as a protruding anterior vaginal wall mass: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mequanint Melesse","family":"Bicha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tewodros Zenabu","family":"Kebede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayalew Lingerih","family":"Arefeaynie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eden Woldegerima","family":"Meressa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.02.107","article-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2020\u2013reflections on the global TB burden, treatment and prevention efforts","volume":"113","author":"Chakaya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2021","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0417","article-title":"The first population-based national tuberculosis prevalence survey in Ethiopia, 2010-2011","volume":"18","author":"Kebede","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_648_18","article-title":"Female genital tuberculosis: revisited","volume":"148","author":"Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.18502\/aacc.v8i3.9615","article-title":"Female genital tuberculosis in infertile women","volume":"8","author":"Mustafa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Anesthesiol Crit Care"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Textbook of tuberculosis","author":"Rao","year":"1981"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"534","article-title":"Genital tuberculosis and its consequences on subsequent fertility","volume":"55","author":"Bapna","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol India"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2003.11.002","article-title":"Female genital tuberculosis in Ethiopia","volume":"84","author":"Abebe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"422","article-title":"The pathology of female genital tuberculosis. 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