{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T15:42:41Z","timestamp":1773416561933,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Assess the efficacy, safety, and visual quality of two posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (PIOL) for myopia correction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this randomized double-blind prospective controlled trial, 38 eyes of 19 myopic patients received phakic refractive (PR) IOL in one eye and implantable collamer lens (EVO ICL) in the opposite eye and were followed up for 1 year. Uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, vault, disk halo size, contrast sensitivity, higher-order aberrations, retinal imaging quality, intraocular scattering, and subjective glare\/halo perception were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 1 year, mean efficacy indices were 1.03 \u00b1 0.16 (PR) and 1.01 \u00b1 0.15 (ICL), and mean safety indices were 1.18 \u00b1 0.07 (PR) and 1.15 \u00b1 0.09 (ICL). The PR group had lower vaults than those of the ICL group at 1 year (342.63 \u00b1 153.94 vs. 470.00 \u00b1 230.31 \u03bcm, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.010). One month postoperatively, the severity of glare\/halo was significantly milder in the PR group than that in the ICL group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.035). However, 1 year postoperatively, no significant differences were observed in the severity of glare\/halo between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Phakic refractive implantation is a safe and effective treatment option for myopia. The PR group exhibited lower vaults than those of the ICL group. The PR group had milder glare\/halo in the early postoperative period compared to the ICL group, though long-term differences were not significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1438569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T05:47:03Z","timestamp":1752126423000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Visual outcomes with two posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses in myopic patients: a contralateral eye study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Boliang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingrui","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I-Chun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yinjie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yadi","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanghan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingtao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2023.2174429","article-title":"EVO\/EVO+ visian implantable Collamer lenses for the correction of myopia and myopia with astigmatism.","volume":"20","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Plaza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Rev Med Devices."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e288","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14599","article-title":"Posterior-chamber phakic implantable Collamer lenses with a central port: A review.","volume":"99","author":"Mont\u00e9s-Mic\u00f3","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000870","article-title":"Phakic intraocular lenses: An update and review for the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism in the United States.","volume":"33","author":"Moshirfar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.09.10","article-title":"One-step viscoelastic agent technique for ICL V4c implantation for myopia.","volume":"14","author":"Miao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7174913","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7174913","article-title":"Evaluation of disk halo size after implantation of a Collamer lens with a central hole (ICL V4c).","volume":"2019","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-021-00396-5","article-title":"Nighttime symptoms after monocular Smile: A contralateral eye study.","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743543","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.743543","article-title":"Evaluation of disk halo size and identification of correlated factors in myopic adults.","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20151021-01","article-title":"Visual outcomes and optical quality after femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction: An 18-month prospective study.","volume":"31","author":"Miao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Refract Surg."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20140415-02","article-title":"Optical quality and intraocular scattering after femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction.","volume":"30","author":"Miao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Refract Surg."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5582","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.14-14362","article-title":"Objective optical quality and intraocular scattering in myopic adults.","volume":"55","author":"Miao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-019-1162-6","article-title":"Objective optical quality in eyes with customized selection of aspheric intraocular lens implantation.","volume":"19","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2010.00535.x","article-title":"Optical quality and intraocular scattering in a healthy young population.","volume":"94","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Roda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optomet."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2018.1449220","article-title":"Evaluation of optical quality: Ocular scattering and aberrations in eyes implanted with diffractive multifocal or monofocal intraocular lenses.","volume":"43","author":"Liao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-0805-3","article-title":"Refractive outcomes and optical quality after implantation of posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens with a central hole (ICL V4c).","volume":"18","author":"Miao","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2779","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2995_20","article-title":"Phakic intraocular lenses: An overview.","volume":"68","author":"Jonker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S369467","article-title":"Evaluation of the EVO\/EVO+ sphere and Toric visian icl: Six month results from the United States food and drug administration clinical trial.","volume":"16","author":"Packer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3161","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9650","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of optical quality and intraocular scattering after posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation.","volume":"53","author":"Kamiya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0183335","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183335","article-title":"A comparison of visual outcome and rotational stability of two types of toric implantable Collamer lenses (TICL): V4 versus V4c.","volume":"12","author":"Hyun","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S188785","article-title":"The implantable Collamer lens with a central port: Review of the literature.","volume":"12","author":"Packer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e943","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.14459","article-title":"Comparison of objective and subjective visual quality early after implantable Collamer lens V4c (ICL V4c) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for high myopia correction.","volume":"98","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1501_18","article-title":"Comparative analysis of clinical outcomes between two types of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses for correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism.","volume":"67","author":"Sachdev","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-022-00606-8","article-title":"Long-term vault changes in different levels and factors affecting vault change after implantation of implantable Collamer lens with a central hole.","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.12.013","article-title":"Long-term changes in posterior chamber phakic intraocular Collamer lens vaulting in myopic patients.","volume":"117","author":"Schmidinger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20130819-03","article-title":"Normal values for the size of a halo produced by a glare source.","volume":"29","author":"Puell","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Refract Surg."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.11.4.23","article-title":"comprehensive investigation of contrast sensitivity and disk halo in high myopia treated with SMILE and EVO implantable Collamer lens implantation.","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.10.031","article-title":"Higher-order aberration changes after Implantable Collamer lens implantation for myopia.","volume":"151","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2019.1701690","article-title":"Comparative study of implantable Collamer lens implantation in treating four degrees of myopia: Six-month observation of visual results, higher-order aberrations, and amplitude of accommodation.","volume":"45","author":"Wan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e471","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.13846","article-title":"Contralateral eye comparison of the long-term visual quality and stability between implantable collamer lens and laser refractive surgery for myopia.","volume":"97","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-01340-0","article-title":"Optical quality after posterior chamber Phakic implantation of an intraocular Lens with a central hole (V4c implantable Collamer Lens) under different lighting conditions.","volume":"20","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2021.05.15","article-title":"Optical and visual quality comparison of implantable Collamer lens and femtosecond laser assisted laser in situ keratomileusis for high myopia correction.","volume":"14","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1438569\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T13:37:25Z","timestamp":1752154645000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1438569\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2025.1438569"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1438569","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"article-number":"1438569"}}