{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T06:50:05Z","timestamp":1765954205138,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the construction and clinical application value of Nomogram predictive model for recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) based on the expressions of MALAT1 (Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1), miR-515-5p, and MCL1 (Myeloid Cell Leukemia-1) mRNA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      According to the 7:3 ratio, the patients were divided into the training set (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f135) and the validation set (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f58) by the complete random method. In the training set, multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for RSA and a Nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the expressions of MALAT1, miR-515-5p, and MCL1 mRNA. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve were drawn to evaluate the prediction performance of the Nomogram model and verified in the validation set. At the same time, decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate the clinical application value of the Nomogram model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were 38 cases (28.15%) of RSA in the training set and 17 cases (29.31%) in the validation set. During the training set, advanced maternal age, number of abortions &amp;gt;3, low progesterone level in early pregnancy, high expression of MALAT1, low expression of miR-515-5p and low expression of MCL1 mRNA were the independent risk factors for RSA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u202f0.05). We will further construct the Nomogram prediction model. In the training set and validation set, the C-index values of Nomogram model were 0.915 and 0.869, respectively. The calibration curve showed that the predicted values accorded well with the actual values, with the average absolute errors of 0.012 and 0.034, respectively. The\n                      <jats:italic>p-<\/jats:italic>\n                      values of Hosmer\u2013Lemeshow test were 0.362 and 0.779, respectively, indicating that the model had good calibration and fitting performance. The ROC curve showed that the Nomogram models in the training and validation sets predicted AUC values for RSA to be 0.916 (95% CI, 0.858\u20130.974) and 0.867 (95% CI, 0.742\u20130.992), respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Nomogram prediction model constructed based on the expressions of MALAT1, miR-515-5p, and MCL1 mRNA is helpful to predict the occurrence of RSA in the early stage and guide the making of appropriate clinical decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1558818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T06:45:37Z","timestamp":1765953937000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Construction and validation of nomogram prediction model for recurrent spontaneous abortion based on the expression of MALAT1, miR-515-5p, and MCL1 mRNA"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Xufei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuyi","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuzhen","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huanhuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunhua","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-33-4187-6_11","article-title":"Definition and multiple factors of recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"1300","author":"La","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331964","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1331964","article-title":"Research progress on the STAT signaling pathway in pregnancy and pregnancy-associated disorders","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2023.04.008","article-title":"Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 induces methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 4 in mice with recurrent spontaneous abortion caused by anti-phospholipid antibody positivity","volume":"137","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5813","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.58731","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles derived from M1 macrophages deliver miR-146a-5p and miR-146b-5p to suppress trophoblast migration and invasion by targeting TRAF6 in recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"11","author":"Ding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.127268","article-title":"Gestational exposure to environmental cadmium induces placental apoptosis and fetal growth restriction via Parkin-modulated MCL-1 degradation","volume":"424","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30003","article-title":"MALAT1 recruited the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7 to induce CRY2 ubiquitin-mediated degradation and participated in trophoblast migration and invasion","volume":"236","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13433","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13433","article-title":"Uterine natural killer cells and recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"86","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13765","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13765","article-title":"Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 regulates the function of human decidual natural killer cells","volume":"90","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2019.06.009","article-title":"Case series of reproductive outcomes after laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation of symptomatic myomas","volume":"27","author":"Berman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-023-01302-z","article-title":"Role of dydrogesterone for luteal phase support in assisted reproduction","volume":"31","author":"Patki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1278042","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1278042","article-title":"Initiating luteal phase support with sc progesterone based on low serum progesterone on the transfer day in true natural cycle frozen embryo transfers","volume":"14","author":"Demirel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3273","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-023-01273-1","article-title":"Activation of SGK1\/ENaC signaling pathway improves the level of decidualization in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"30","author":"Di","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2020.9440","article-title":"The expression and clinical significance of three lncRNAs in patients with a missed abortion[J]","volume":"21","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S436718","article-title":"Zishen yutai pills promote angiogenesis at the maternal-fetal interface in recurrent spontaneous abortion mice by regulating miR-187\/VEGF axis","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2884","DOI":"10.1007\/s10528-023-10571-x","article-title":"Association of genetic polymorphisms in long noncoding RNA HOTTIP with risk of idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"62","author":"Mirinejad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochem Genet"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719115602771","article-title":"In vivo evidence of the androgen receptor in association with myometrial cell proliferation and apoptosis","volume":"23","author":"Lan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2022.01.011","article-title":"Chromosomal abnormalities of 19,000 couples with recurrent spontaneous abortions: a multicenter study[J]","volume":"117","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13254","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13254","article-title":"Tissue-resident CD8+ T memory cells with unique properties are present in human decidua during early pregnancy","volume":"84","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113156","article-title":"Systematic biological and proteomics strategies to explore the regulation mechanism of Shoutai wan on recurrent spontaneous abortion's biological network","volume":"263","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1558818\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T06:45:41Z","timestamp":1765953941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1558818\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2025.1558818"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1558818","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"article-number":"1558818"}}