{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:26:33Z","timestamp":1785900393352,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To investigate the acceptance rate for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) carrier screening among Thai pregnant women, their attitudes toward the prenatal screening, carrier rate, and the frequencies of\n                      <jats:italic>SMN2<\/jats:italic>\n                      copy numbers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Singleton pregnant women who aged \u2265 18 years, with a gestational age of \u2264 14 weeks at their first visit, were invited to participate the study. All participants completed the questionnaire: Section I\u2014demographic data. Then, they received a pre-test group counseling, followed by an offer of SMA carrier testing at no cost and completion of the questionnaire: Section II\u2014awareness and attitudes toward the screening and Section III\u2014reasons for their choosing \u201cto have\u201d or \u201cnot to have\u201d the screening done. Only those having the test done and undergoing post-test counseling were asked to complete the questionnaire: Section IV\u2014attitudes toward the screening process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The preexisting knowledge about SMA was low (30.8%). After pre-test counseling, the majority of participants (94.4%) realized the severity of SMA and its burden to the families, leading to a high acceptance rate for carrier screening at 91.4% (181\/198). Most participants (92.4%) agreed to have a fetal diagnosis if they were found to be a couple at risk. The genetic screening revealed a SMA carrier rate of 2.2% (1 in 45), and a high frequency of \u2264 2 copies of\n                      <jats:italic>SMN2<\/jats:italic>\n                      (98.3%). Four participants were found to be carriers, but none of their partners were carriers, yielding no couples at risk in this study. After disclosure of the screening test result, all the participants expressed a feeling of gladness that they had had the test done. The majority (98%) suggested that SMA carrier screening should be offered to all pregnant women and that the cost of testing should be covered by the government and\/or by their health coverage schemes (95.5%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The high acceptance rate and positive attitude toward prenatal SMA carrier was demonstrated among Thai pregnant women. Data from the present study highlight urgent needs for endorsement from professional society and public health policy in advancing the SMA carrier screening program in Thailand.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1566417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:10:43Z","timestamp":1750637443000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prenatal carrier screening for spinal muscular atrophy among pregnant Thai 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