{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T13:28:46Z","timestamp":1773149326657,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Legionella infection is a group of bacterial diseases caused by species of the Legionella genus, the most notable of them being Legionnaires\u2019 disease and Pontiac fever. Legionnaires\u2019 disease primarily affects the lungs, with the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems being the most commonly affected. Legionella may cause multisystem involvement, according to this study. In this report, we present a rare case of lymphadenitis caused by <jats:italic>Legionella sainthelensi<\/jats:italic>, aiming to raise awareness of atypical manifestations and uncommon sites of Legionella infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present the case of a 43-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital for a week due to fever and enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes. He was diagnosed with <jats:italic>L. sainthelensi<\/jats:italic> lymphadenitis, which was treated with azithromycin and lymph node puncture and drainage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>For patients with Legionella lymphadenitis, multiple etiological tests should be performed as early as possible to confirm the infectious pathogen. Early intervention with appropriate intravenous antibiotics and lymph node drainage is critical to improve the cure rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1574205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T15:52:18Z","timestamp":1747756338000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lymphadenitis caused by Legionella sainthelensi infection: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Cangjian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minlei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1186\/PREACCEPT-1086350395137407","article-title":"Comparative analyses of Legionella species identifies genetic features of strains causing Legionnaires' disease","volume":"15","author":"Gomez-Valero","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60078-2","article-title":"Legionnaires' disease","volume":"387","author":"Cunha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00607.x","article-title":"Legionella pneumophila: an aquatic microbe goes astray","volume":"26","author":"Steinert","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70713-3","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical management of Legionnaires' disease","volume":"14","author":"Phin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2016.10.009","article-title":"Severe pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila: differential diagnosis and therapeutic considerations","volume":"31","author":"Chahin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin N Am"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.47.2.369-373.1984","article-title":"Legionella sainthelensi: a new species of Legionella isolated from water near Mt. 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