{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:25:51Z","timestamp":1791555951241,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are widely used for type 2 diabetes and obesity, and emerging evidence suggests potential immunomodulatory effects. However, few studies have evaluated their role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and no comprehensive clinical trials exist. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between GLP-1RA use and IBD-related surgeries and complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to March 2025. Cohort studies comparing IBD patients treated with GLP-1RAs versus non-users were included. Two reviewers independently performed study selection and data extraction. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed using log-transformed effect sizes. Heterogeneity was assessed using I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      and \u03c4\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Publication bias was evaluated through funnel plots, and certainty of evidence was graded using the GRADE framework.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Six studies were included, providing eight effect estimates (two studies contributed two cohorts each). Three of the six included studies (50%) were non\u2013peer-reviewed conference abstracts, which may affect interpretability. For IBD-related surgery (4 effect estimates), GLP-1RA use was significantly associated with lower risk (pooled estimate: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.35\u20130.59; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f38.1%). For IBD-related complications (4 estimates), GLP-1RA use showed a non-significant trend toward benefit (estimate: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15\u20131.03), with high heterogeneity (I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f98.9%). Sensitivity analysis supported robustness for surgery but revealed instability in complication outcomes. Funnel plots showed no publication bias for surgery, but asymmetry was noted for complications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GLP-1RA use may reduce the risk of IBD-related surgery among IBD patients with metabolic comorbidities. Findings for IBD-related complications should be interpreted with caution due to substantial heterogeneity and the inclusion of abstract-only studies. Further prospective research is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This systematic review was prospectively registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), under registration ID CRD420251015882. The full protocol is publicly accessible through the PROSPERO database at\n                      <jats:uri>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/<\/jats:uri>\n                      . No amendments were made to the original protocol. Any changes arising during the peer-review process will be transparently documented in the final publication.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1621958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T05:28:24Z","timestamp":1755754104000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in IBD-related surgery and IBD-related complications of inflammatory bowel disease among patients with metabolic comorbidities: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mengqi","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University","place":["Melbourne, VIC, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University","place":["Melbourne, VIC, Australia"]},{"name":"Suzhou Industrial Park Monash Research Institute of Science and Technology, Monash University","place":["Suzhou, China"]},{"name":"Monash University-Southeast University Joint Research Institute (Suzhou), Southeast University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhining","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University","place":["Hefei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guannan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child Health Care, Children\u2019s Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongjuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Quzhou","place":["Quzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University","place":["Melbourne, VIC, Australia"]},{"name":"Suzhou Industrial Park Monash Research Institute of Science and Technology, Monash University","place":["Suzhou, China"]},{"name":"Monash University-Southeast University Joint Research Institute (Suzhou), Southeast University","place":["Suzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Inflammatory 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