{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T02:02:54Z","timestamp":1778637774560,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study seeks to examine the dynamics of endogenous interleukin-7 (IL-7) and its associated regulatory factors in sepsis, and to elucidate the mechanisms by which exogenous IL-7 may confer therapeutic benefits. The ultimate objective is to evaluate its dual potential as a clinical biomarker and as a novel therapeutic agent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to April 24, 2025, using terms such as Interleukin-7, CD127, CYT107, interleukin-7 receptor, sepsis, septic shock, and lymphopenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In sepsis, endogenous IL-7 levels rise from a low baseline and may remain elevated for a prolonged period. Exogenous IL-7 can enhance immune function, regulate inflammation, and exert anti-apoptotic effects. Endogenous IL-7 levels may represent a potential prognostic indicator in sepsis. Exogenous IL-7 may modulate immune function in patients with clinical sepsis but does not reduce mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endogenous IL-7 is closely associated with sepsis, whereas exogenous IL-7 shows promise for aiding the recovery of patients with sepsis, although further research is required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1649049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T05:27:07Z","timestamp":1760333227000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Potential of interleukin-7 in sepsis as a biomarker and therapeutic agent: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-fu","family":"Tie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian-wei","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.10.012","article-title":"The immunology of sepsis","volume":"54","author":"van der Poll","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.0196","article-title":"Development and validation of the phoenix criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock","volume":"331","author":"Sanchez-Pinto","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.0179","article-title":"International consensus criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock","volume":"331","author":"Schlapbach","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00495-1","article-title":"Neonatal bacterial sepsis","volume":"404","author":"Strunk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32989-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990\u20132017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"395","author":"Rudd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-023-07138-0","article-title":"Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: incidence, patient characteristics, timing, trajectory, treatment, and associated outcomes. 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