{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T12:21:59Z","timestamp":1784204519725,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung diseases that are chronic (emphysema [EMP], airway disease, interstitial lung disease) can complicate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as extra-articular manifestations. Anti-<jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>) antibody (Ab) has been analyzed for the diagnosis of periodontal disease and RA patients showed increased anti-<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> Ab levels. However, amounts of anti-<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> Ab in RA complicated with chronic lung disease (CLD) are unknown. We measured anti-<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> Ab in cases of RA with CLD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Ab were measured in RA patient sera by enzyme immunoassay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> LPS Ab levels in RA with EMP were significantly lower than in RA cases without CLD (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0190, mean \u00b1 standard deviation [SD], 32.7 \u00b1 64.2 [\u00d710<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>U\/mL] vs. 403.5 \u00b1 2552.7 [\u00d710<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>U\/mL]). Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed the independence of this association. Anti-<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> LPS Ab amounts were increased in RA without CLD (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0412) compared with healthy controls (77.6 \u00b1 183.7 [\u00d710<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>U\/mL]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic> LPS Ab levels in RA with EMP were lower compared with RA without CLD. Citrullinated peptides were mainly generated in the lungs of RA with EMP and the oral cavity of RA without CLD, suggesting the heterogeneity of RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1654271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T05:29:07Z","timestamp":1758518947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide antibody in rheumatoid arthritis patients with 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