{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T06:00:10Z","timestamp":1793685610710,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biologics and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have expanded treatment options for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), but comparative real-world data remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to compare disease-related characteristics and outcomes of patients with moderate-to-severe AD treated with biologics or JAK inhibitors (JAKi) in routine clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An ambispective, observational study was conducted across three hospitals in southern Spain. Patients who initiated advanced systemic therapy (AST) between 2019 and 2024 were included in the study. Baseline disease-related variables, clinical severity scores, treatment outcomes, adverse events, and drug survival were assessed. Short-term (16\u202fweeks) and medium-to-long-term (24 and 52\u202fweeks) intervals were considered. Super-responder rates, based on a proposed definition, were also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 202 patients were included (134 treated with biologics and 68 with JAK inhibitors). JAK inhibitors produced faster early responses, while biologics achieved greater absolute improvements between weeks 16 and 52, along with longer treatment persistence. The adverse event profiles differed between the drug classes: infections and acne were more common with JAKi, while ocular symptoms were more common with biologics. The difference in super-responder rates between groups was not statistically significant (16.42% vs. 23.53%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.25443).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both treatment classes were effective and well-tolerated. Differences in response dynamics and safety profiles support individualized treatment decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1658843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T05:28:44Z","timestamp":1761283724000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparative real-world effectiveness and safety of biologics and JAK inhibitors in atopic dermatitis: short- and medium-to-long-term analysis from a regional healthcare network in southern Spain"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Prados-Carmona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco Jos\u00e9","family":"Navarro Trivi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Husein","family":"Husein-ElAhmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ruiz-Villaverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2010.22.2.125","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis","volume":"22","author":"Bieber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm4050858","article-title":"Immune pathways in atopic dermatitis, and definition of biomarkers through broad and targeted therapeutics","volume":"4","author":"Mansouri","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.08.008","article-title":"Deciphering the complexities of atopic dermatitis: shifting paradigms in treatment approaches","author":"Leung","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clinical Immunol Mosby Inc"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2017.02.006","article-title":"An update on the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis","volume":"35","author":"Malik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.71","article-title":"The role of leukocytes, keratinocytes, and allergen-specific IgE in the development of atopic dermatitis","volume":"129","author":"Werfel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2017.09.055","article-title":"Immunologic, microbial, and epithelial interactions in atopic dermatitis","volume":"120","author":"Brunner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1002\/jvc2.537","article-title":"Role of interleukins in dermatology: exploring the immune mechanisms in skin diseases","volume":"3","author":"Prados-Carmona","year":"2024","journal-title":"JEADV clinical Practice"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"977","volume-title":"Mental health comorbidity in youth with atopic dermatitis: A narrative review of possible mechanisms. Pediatr Dermatol","author":"Radtke","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15917","article-title":"Cascade of atopic dermatitis comorbidities in children after birth for 15 years","volume":"79","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.11.014","article-title":"Real-world comorbidities of atopic dermatitis in the US adult ambulatory population","volume":"86","author":"Roh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19686","article-title":"Epidemiology of mental health comorbidity in patients with atopic dermatitis: an analysis of global trends from 1998 to 2022","volume":"38","author":"Ce","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1702147","article-title":"Concomitant atopic dermatitis and psoriasis\u2013a retrospective review","volume":"32","author":"Barry","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dermatol Treat"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2017.08.008","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis: two different immune diseases or one spectrum?","volume":"48","author":"Guttman-Yassky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2015.05.041","article-title":"Increased prevalence of coronary artery disease in severe psoriasis and severe atopic dermatitis","volume":"128","author":"Hjuler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.11.023","article-title":"Eczema and cardiovascular risk factors in 2 US adult population studies","volume":"135","author":"Silverberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105123","article-title":"Increased cardiovascular risks and mortality in prurigo nodularis: a global cohort study","author":"Olbrich","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12685","article-title":"Association between adult atopic dermatitis, cardiovascular disease, and increased heart attacks in three population-based studies","volume":"70","author":"Silverberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.12.824","article-title":"In search of the holy grail in atopic dermatitis: will dupilumab become the first disease-modifying atopic dermatitis drug?","volume":"151","author":"Bieber","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1011040","article-title":"Filaggrin mutations associated with skin and allergic diseases","volume":"365","author":"Irvine","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13336","article-title":"Systemic immune mechanisms in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis with implications for treatment","volume":"27","author":"Guttman-Yassky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-025-09075-w","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis beyond eczema: a review on its systemic impact through pruritus and associated comorbidities","volume":"68","author":"Prados-Carmona","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.08.026","article-title":"Attenuating the atopic march: Meta-analysis of the dupilumab atopic dermatitis database for incident allergic events","volume":"151","author":"Geba","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2024.05.029","article-title":"Reduced atopic march risk in pediatric atopic dermatitis patients prescribed dupilumab versus conventional immunomodulatory therapy: a population-based cohort study","volume":"91","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-023-00992-4","article-title":"The translational revolution in atopic dermatitis: the paradigm shift from pathogenesis to treatment","volume":"20","author":"Facheris","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2014.11.023","article-title":"New pathogenic and therapeutic paradigms in atopic dermatitis","volume":"73","author":"Malajian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-023-00920-4","article-title":"Emerging systemic treatments for atopic dermatitis","volume":"13","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010781","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: focus on interleukins as disease drivers and therapeutic targets for novel treatments","volume":"24","author":"Makowska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1080\/14712598.2019.1583204","article-title":"Towards personalized treatment in atopic dermatitis","volume":"19","author":"van der Schaft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12975","article-title":"Immunological and molecular targets of atopic dermatitis treatment","volume":"170","author":"Wollenberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000306","article-title":"The \u201comics\u201d revolution: redefining the understanding and treatment of allergic skin diseases","volume":"16","author":"Oliva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2017.03.012","article-title":"Systemic therapies in atopic dermatitis: the pipeline","volume":"35","author":"Renert-Yuval","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00266-6","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis: an expanding therapeutic pipeline for a complex disease","volume":"21","author":"Bieber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.15050","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis \u2013 perspectives and unmet medical needs","volume":"21","author":"Buhl","year":"2023","journal-title":"JDDG"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6925","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13226925","article-title":"Anti-OX40 biological therapies in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a comprehensive review","volume":"13","author":"Marfil-Cant\u00f3n","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-023-00837-w","article-title":"Targeted Systemic Therapies for Adults with Atopic Dermatitis: Selecting from Biologics and JAK Inhibitors","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15909","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15909","article-title":"Real-world evidence of biological agents in dermatology: a review of its applications, advantages, and limitations","volume":"35","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.11.055","article-title":"Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis","volume":"65","author":"Menter","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17849","article-title":"A standardization approach to compare treatment safety and effectiveness outcomes between clinical trials and real-world populations in psoriasis","volume":"181","author":"Yiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3390\/life14030281","article-title":"Bimekizumab: short-term effectiveness and safety in real clinical practice in Andalucia, Spain","author":"Ruiz-Villaverde","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2013.758708","article-title":"New era of biologic therapeutics in atopic dermatitis","volume":"13","author":"Guttman-Yassky","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2017.10.039","article-title":"Atopic dermatitis yardstick: practical recommendations for an evolving therapeutic landscape","volume":"120","author":"Boguniewicz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22014","article-title":"Short-term efficacy and safety of biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors for patients with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"adv00764","DOI":"10.2340\/actadv.v102.2075","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies and Janus kinase inhibitors in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Sedeh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2023.08.029","article-title":"Systemic treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema): systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials","volume":"152","author":"Chu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17351","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of systemic therapies used in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Silverberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1314768","article-title":"Dupilumab treatment in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis","volume":"371","author":"Beck","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.02.044","article-title":"Efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"132","author":"Bae","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1159\/000350486","article-title":"Immunologic effects of omalizumab in children with severe refractory atopic dermatitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"162","author":"Iyengar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Arch Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10775.x","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of topical WBI-1001 in patients with mild to severe atopic dermatitis: results from a 12-week, multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial","volume":"166","author":"Bissonnette","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.07.019","article-title":"Comparative safety of oral Janus kinase inhibitors versus dupilumab in patients with atopic dermatitis: a population-based cohort study","volume":"154","author":"Tsai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2024.08.034","article-title":"A scalable approach to assess the safety of recently marketed systemic treatments for atopic dermatitis in clinical practice","author":"Schneeweiss","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113383","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of upadacitinib versus dupilumab for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"143","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.19897","article-title":"Dupilumab treatment in patients with atopic dermatitis: a comparative cohort study between the Netherlands and Japan shows a discrepancy in patient-reported outcome measures","volume":"185","author":"de Wijs","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14041291","article-title":"Comparative real-world analysis of baseline demographic characteristics and comorbidities in atopic dermatitis patients initiating biologics versus JAK inhibitors","volume":"14","author":"Prados-Carmona","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(03)02539-8","article-title":"Consensus conference on pediatric atopic dermatitis","volume":"49","author":"Eichenfield","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.10.010","article-title":"Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 1. Diagnosis and assessment of atopic dermatitis work group","volume":"70","author":"Eichenfield","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-017-0299-4","article-title":"Systematic review of diagnostic criteria used in atopic dermatitis randomized controlled trials","volume":"19","author":"Vakharia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555924447","article-title":"Diagnostic features of atopic dermatitis","volume":"60","author":"Hanifin","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.01664.x","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of Hanifin and Rajka\u2019s criteria and the UK working party\u2019s diagnostic criteria in diagnosis of atopic dermatitis in a hospital setting in North India","volume":"20","author":"De","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2024.4727","article-title":"Response to biological drugs and JAK inhibitors following cyclosporine in patients with atopic dermatitis","volume":"34","author":"Ure\u00f1a-Paniego","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2025.04.042","article-title":"Deciding which patients with atopic dermatitis to prioritize for biologics and janus kinase inhibitors","volume":"13","author":"Kamata","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2025.46.240113","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Janus kinase selective inhibitors in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"adv00402","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3751","article-title":"Treat-to-target in atopic dermatitis: an international consensus on a set of Core decision points for systemic therapies","volume":"101","author":"Bruin-Weller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Dermato Venereologica"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-023-01789-x","article-title":"Association of risk of incident acne and treatment with systemic Janus kinase inhibitors in atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"72","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1342810","article-title":"Janus kinase inhibitors in atopic dermatitis: An umbrella review of meta-analyses","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1658843\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T05:28:45Z","timestamp":1761283725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1658843\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2025.1658843"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1658843","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"article-number":"1658843"}}