{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T14:55:00Z","timestamp":1787064900585,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Choroidal thickness (CT) varies with systemic inflammatory activity in diseases such as spondyloarthritis, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker. This study aimed to evaluate changes in CT in patients recently diagnosed with Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) who are undergoing corticosteroid therapy, over a six-month follow-up period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is a prospective, observational, longitudinal pilot study including 20 patients with recent PMR diagnosis from two centres. All participants met PMR classification criteria. Participants underwent three visits: at diagnosis (baseline), at 3 and 6 months after starting corticosteroids. Each visit included physical examination, musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSK US) of shoulders and hips, blood tests including C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrosedimentation rate (ESR) and CT measurement by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Disease activity was assessed using the PMR Activity Score (PMR-AS) and its imputed version.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean baseline CT was 242.10\u202f\u00b1\u202f79.05\u202f\u03bcm. Choroidal thickness decreased significantly after 3 months (229.85\u202f\u00b1\u202f79.01\u202f\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.017) and after 6 months (220.37\u202f\u00b1\u202f75.96\u202f\u03bcm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.014) of corticosteroid treatment. We found a significant decrease in all laboratory and clinical parameters. Concordance between CT, CRP, and PMR-AS was 95%. Rotator cuff pathology does not appear to influence on evolution of MSK US bicipital tenosynovitis inflammatory findings neither in pain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that CT was high in patients with recent diagnosis of PMR and decreases significantly after 3 and 6 months of corticosteroid therapy. There is a 95% of concordance between CT and CRP as well as between CT and PMR activity scores. Our findings suggest that CT is useful as a noninvasive, imaging-based biomarker of systemic inflammation in patients with PMR. More studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1689327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T05:29:20Z","timestamp":1760678960000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Choroidal thickness as a biomarker of systemic inflammation in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Trives-Folguera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda del 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