{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T18:57:37Z","timestamp":1773428257348,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The cancer risk in autoimmune gastritis (AIG) remains controversial. Malignant transformation of gastric hyperplastic polyps (GHPs) in an AIG patient is rare. The esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) of a 75-year-old male patient showed a 0.8 cm GHP. Endoscopic resection was conducted, and the pathological findings showed high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Follow-up at 1 year confirmed no sign of recurrence. 18 months post-operatively, another EGD confirmed advanced-stage AIG, evidenced by characteristic endoscopic\/histologic findings, positive anti-parietal cell antibody, low pepsinogen I\/II ratio, significantly elevated gastrin-17, low vitamin B12, and negative\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) serology. Concurrent Hashimoto's thyroiditis and vitiligo were also noted. We here report a rare case of early malignant transformation of a small GHP arising in a context of AIG. Elevated gastrin levels may be a potential risk factor for cancer development in\n                    <jats:italic>Hp<\/jats:italic>\n                    -negative AIG. Endoscopic resection can be considered for early-stage cancerous transformation of GHPs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1693184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T05:36:10Z","timestamp":1761197770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Malignant transformation of gastric hyperplastic polyps in an autoimmune gastritis patient\u2014a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yingqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianxu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huihong","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.10.004","article-title":"Prevalence of benign gastric polyps in a large pathology database","volume":"47","author":"Sonnenberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8883","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i40.8883","article-title":"Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of gastric hyperplastic polyps","volume":"22","author":"Markowski","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4424","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v16.i11.4424","article-title":"Endoscopic and pathological features of neoplastic transformation of gastric hyperplastic polyps: retrospective study of 4010 cases","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-025-02245-9","article-title":"Controversy regarding the risk of autoimmune gastritis on gastric adenocarcinoma","volume":"60","author":"Yamamichi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-022-01954-9","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria and endoscopic and histological findings of autoimmune gastritis in Japan","volume":"58","author":"Kamada","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e32204","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000032204","article-title":"How to improve the diagnosis of neoplastic transformation of gastric hyperplastic polyps in the context of autoimmune gastritis? 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