{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T08:14:04Z","timestamp":1784967244066,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pancreatic calcifications are the most common structural change in chronic pancreatitis (CP). They can be associated with increased morbidity and healthcare costs. The factors associated with calcifying CP phenotype are not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate risk factors for calcification in patients with CP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42024591837). On September 18, 2024, we systematically searched three databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL) for studies reporting factors associated with calcifications in CP. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The systematic search resulted in 10,893 articles, of which 80 eligible studies were identified, covering a total of 31,017 participants. Among risk factors investigated, alcohol consumption (OR\u202f=\u202f2.31, CI: 1.80\u20132.98) and smoking (OR\u202f=\u202f2.22, CI: 1.61\u20133.06) were associated with a twofold increase in odds of calcification when compared to non-smokers and non-drinkers, respectively. The odds of calcification were also 45% higher in alcoholic versus idiopathic CP (OR\u202f=\u202f1.45, CI: 1.00\u20132.11). In contrast, the presence of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations did not increase the risk of calcification in CP (OR\u202f=\u202f0.43, CI: 0.11\u20131.66) when compared to CFTR wild-type patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Modifiable risk factors, such as alcohol consumption and smoking, were significantly associated with calcifying CP phenotype. It is essential to incorporate smoking cessation and alcohol consumption reduction programs into the standard of care for CP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1703088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T16:06:21Z","timestamp":1763568381000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk factors for calcification in chronic pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Orsolya","family":"Eperjesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Toldy Ferenc Hospital","place":["Cegl\u00e9d, Hungary"]},{"name":"Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e1zmin","family":"N\u00e9meth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anett","family":"Rancz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Krisztina","family":"Fazekas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitta","family":"Teutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]},{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs","place":["P\u00e9cs, Hungary"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e1ta","family":"Papp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]},{"name":"Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]},{"name":"Centre of Science and Innovation Vice-rector and Business Development, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hegyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]},{"name":"Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, Hungary"]},{"name":"Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs","place":["P\u00e9cs, Hungary"]},{"name":"Translational Pancreatology Research Group, Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence for Research Development and Innovation, University of Szeged","place":["Szeged, Hungary"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Bunduc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]},{"name":"Digestive Disease and Liver Transplant Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]},{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University","place":["Budapest, 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