{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:47:43Z","timestamp":1767682063957,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the determinants of angle kappa in cataract patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective study we included biometric data in both eyes of 715 cataract patients measured by Lenstar LS-900. The ocular biometrics included angle kappa (X component, Y component, chord mu), iris center (X component, Y component, iris center distance), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal curvature (CR), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), axial length (AL), anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA), white-to-white corneal diameter (WTW), and pupil size (PS). Correlations of angle kappa with other biometrics were evaluated using Spearman\u2019s correlation tests. Determinants of angle kappa were analyzed using generalized estimating equations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Chord mu was significantly correlated to ACD, LT, AL, ACA, WTW, PS, iris center X component, and iris center distance (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.19 to 0.28, all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05). Determinants of chord mu were ACD (\u03b2 = \u22120.05), PS (\u03b2 = 0.04), and iris center distance (\u03b2 = 0.17). For the X component of angle kappa, the determinants were ACD (\u03b2 = 0.10), LT (\u03b2 = 0.04), AL (\u03b2 = 0.02), WTW (\u03b2 = \u22120.04), PS (\u03b2 = \u22120.03), and iris center X component (\u03b2 = 0.42). For the Y component of angle kappa, the determinants included sex (\u03b2 = 0.05), PS (\u03b2 = \u22120.04), and iris center Y component (\u03b2 = 0.13).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Different determinants of angle kappa were found in this study. Our findings are important for understanding the influencing biometrics of angle kappa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1726626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:44:06Z","timestamp":1767681846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determinants of angle kappa in cataract 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