{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T06:47:26Z","timestamp":1769064446798,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the efficacy of different acupuncture and related therapies for chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (CPID) and their effects on inflammatory factors via Network Meta-Analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eight databases were systematically searched (up to April 20, 2025) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture-related therapies for CPID. Eighty-four RCTs involving 8,147 patients were included. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and data were analyzed with R software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AI interventions showed higher total effectiveness than conventional treatment. SUCRA rankings for total effectiveness: moxibustion combined with warm needle (89.1%), acupoint application therapy combined with ultrasound drug penetration (88.0%), and acupuncture combined with cupping (86.8%) ranked highest, while conventional treatment was the lowest (0.2%). For inflammatory factors: acupuncture showed the best improvement in IL-2 (61.6%); acupoint injection was optimal for TNF-\u03b1 regulation (95.8%); moxibustion combined with acupuncture best modulated IL-6 (92.6%); and acupoint injection was best for CRP regulation (99.4%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acupuncture and related therapies are effective for CPID, with differences in regulating specific inflammatory factors, providing an evidence-based foundation. However, limitations like publication bias exist, warranting validation by high-quality studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD420250655000.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1731543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T15:25:25Z","timestamp":1768231525000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The efficacy of acupuncture and related treatments on chronic pelvic inflammatory disease: a network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yitong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou","place":["Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jintao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou","place":["Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yijun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an","place":["Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongyi","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou","place":["Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou","place":["Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.10.019","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis and its association with infertility, endometritis, and pelvic inflammatory disease.","volume":"224","author":"Ravel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab116","article-title":"A review of the challenges and complexities in the 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