{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T21:22:45Z","timestamp":1773523365723,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an emerging respiratory pathogen causing illnesses from mild upper respiratory infection to severe pneumonia, particularly in high-risk adults. Although primarily recognized in pediatrics, hMPV is increasingly reported as a cause of acute respiratory failure in adults with chronic lung disease and obesity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A 58-year-old man with morbid obesity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with acute respiratory failure and viral septic shock. Molecular testing of bronchoalveolar lavage (BioFire\u00ae FilmArray\u00ae) identified\n                      <jats:italic>human metapneumovirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      type 1 as the sole pathogen. The patient required invasive mechanical ventilation, vasopressor support, and continuous renal replacement therapy. Vancomycin was discontinued for suspected nephrotoxicity, and systemic corticosteroids were introduced. Subsequent bronchoalveolar lavage cultures grew\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      , confirming bacterial superinfection. With supportive management, the patient gradually improved, was extubated on day 9, and was discharged home in stable condition.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>hMPV can trigger severe respiratory failure and multiorgan dysfunction in adults with chronic respiratory comorbidities. Early molecular diagnosis is crucial to guide management and limit unnecessary antimicrobial exposure. The absence of specific antivirals underscores the need for continued research into targeted treatments and preventive vaccines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1735031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T06:44:28Z","timestamp":1766040268000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case Report: Human metapneumovirus infection leading to septic shock in an adult with COPD and morbid obesity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Virz\u00ec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Giacopelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Tutone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Riccobono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Profera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santi Maurizio","family":"Raineri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Tomasello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Accurso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2025.2453824","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus: an emerging respiratory pathogen and the urgent need for improved diagnostics, surveillance, and vaccine development","volume":"57","author":"Akingbola","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond)"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-025-02626-5","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus (hMPV): the virus who came with the common cold","author":"Pandey","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix154","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"215","author":"Falsey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8132","DOI":"10.52783\/jchr.v15.i3.8132","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus: a comprehensive review of etiology and pathogenesis","volume":"15","author":"Asif","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Chron Respir Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202003-0550LE","article-title":"A new configuration for helmet continuous positive airway pressure allowing tidal volume monitoring","volume":"202","author":"Cortegiani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.29011\/2638-003X.100238","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus infections: a comprehensive review of diagnosis and management","volume":"9","author":"Pata","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Trends Intern Med"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-025-02782-y","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in 2025: emerging trends and insights from community and hospital-based respiratory panel analyses\u2014a comprehensive review","volume":"22","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"ref8","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1038\/89098","article-title":"A newly discovered human pneumovirus isolated from young children with respiratory tract disease","volume":"7","author":"van den Hoogen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s44197-025-00380-3","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human metapneumovirus-associated acute respiratory tract infection cases in the Pudong new area, Shanghai, from 2014 to 2023","volume":"15","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.03.1394","article-title":"Human metapneumovirus: review of an important respiratory pathogen","volume":"25","author":"Panda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1735031\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T06:44:29Z","timestamp":1766040269000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1735031\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2025.1735031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2025.1735031","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"article-number":"1735031"}}