{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T11:28:43Z","timestamp":1768217323942,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate dynamic anti-phosphatidylserine\/prothrombin (aPS\/PT) and antiphospholipid (aPL) antibody changes in antiphospholipid syndrome-recurrent pregnancy loss (APS-RPL) patients and their relationship with pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 100 RPL patients with APS features and 30 healthy women who had a normal delivery from 2020 to 2022. First, the differences in aPL and aPS\/PT antibody levels between the study group and the control group were compared. Then, a mixed-design repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) was used to assess the time effects, group effects, and their interactions. Pairwise comparisons between time points within each group were performed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Finally, antibody levels at each time point were compared between the successful pregnancy group and the pregnancy loss group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      (1) The levels of aPS\/PT immunoglobulin M (IgM) and anticardiolipin (aCL) IgG in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01). (2) In the successful pregnancy group, both aCL IgG and aPS\/PT IgM levels were significantly lower after treatment and during early pregnancy compared to pre-treatment levels, and anti-\u03b22-glycoprotein I (a\u03b22GPI) IgM was also significantly lower during early pregnancy compared to both pre-treatment and post-treatment levels (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01). (3) In the pregnancy loss group, aCL IgG was significantly lower after treatment and during early pregnancy compared to pre-treatment levels, but aPS\/PT IgM and aPS\/PT IgG were significantly elevated during early pregnancy (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01), showing completely opposite dynamic trends to the successful pregnancy group. (4) Between-group comparisons showed that the pregnancy loss group maintained higher levels of aPS\/PT IgM after treatment and during early pregnancy, and aPS\/PT IgG levels were also significantly higher during early pregnancy compared to the successful pregnancy group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A post-treatment or early-pregnancy decline in aCL IgG, aPS\/PT IgM, or a\u03b22GPI IgM is associated with successful pregnancy in APS-RPL patients, whereas early-pregnancy elevations in aPS\/PT IgM and IgG are strongly linked to pregnancy loss. The distinct dynamic profiles of aPS\/PT antibodies underscore their relevance to pregnancy outcomes, highlighting the value of longitudinal aPS\/PT monitoring for identifying high-risk patients and informing individualized immunologic management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1738040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T08:17:49Z","timestamp":1768205869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A study of three-time-point dynamic changes in aPS\/PT and standard aPL antibodies and their association with IVF pregnancy outcomes in APS-related recurrent pregnancy loss"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Fenjian","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Penghao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Panyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69204-0","article-title":"Recurrent miscarriage","volume":"368","author":"Rai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion","volume":"98","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil 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