{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T17:43:45Z","timestamp":1770227025916,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of carbon dioxide laser-assisted deep sclerectomy (CLASS) in patients with medically refractory Posner-Schlossman Syndrome (PSS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six patients (six eyes) with poorly controlled PSS were included. All patients underwent CLASS under local anesthesia and were followed up for 18 months. Primary outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, visual field parameters, and surgical complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean preoperative IOP was 28.30 \u00b1 5.16 mmHg. Postoperative IOP decreased significantly, with a mean IOP of 14.56 \u00b1 1.82 mmHg at the final 18-month follow-up. Visual acuity recovered to or exceeded preoperative levels in all cases. No statistically significant differences were observed in RNFL or GCC thickness at any postoperative time point (6, 12, and 18 months) compared to preoperative values. Visual field indices (MD, PSD) remained stable throughout follow-up. Postoperative complications included transient hypotony (three eyes), peripheral anterior synechiae (two eyes, successfully treated with laser), transient shallow anterior chamber (one eye), and mild anterior chamber reaction (one eye). All complications were managed conservatively without sequelae, and no serious adverse events occurred.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CLASS surgery provides effective and sustained IOP reduction in patients with refractory PSS. It demonstrates favorable structural and functional preservation of the optic nerve over the mid-term follow-up, with a manageable profile of minor complications. These preliminary findings suggest CLASS is a promising minimally invasive surgical option for this condition, though its long-term efficacy warrants confirmation in larger prospective studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1623445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T05:34:21Z","timestamp":1770183261000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A clinical observation of carbon dioxide laser-assisted deep sclerectomy for Posner-Schlossman Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanni","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuancheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6584","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.6584","article-title":"Posner-Schlossman Syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Lippert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_928_20","article-title":"Viral anterior uveitis Indian","volume":"68","author":"Babu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064449","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1064449","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors associated with secondary open-angle glaucoma in Posner-Schlossman Syndrome: a retrospective case-control study","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.3980\/j.issn.1672-5123.2025.12.11","article-title":"Latest advances in clinical management of advanced primary open angel glaucama","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Eye Sci."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6639583","article-title":"CO2 Laser-assisted deep sclerectomy surgery compared with trabeculectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma: two-year results","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_3310_20","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of the comparison between carbon dioxide laser-assisted deep sclerectomy combined with phacoemulsification and conventional trabeculectomy with phacoemulsification","volume":"69","author":"Raja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806734","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.806734","article-title":"Management of intraocular pressure elevation after CO2 laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.13281\/j.cnki.issn.1004-4469.2020.04.013","article-title":"Observation of the evolution of filtration channels after CLASS with ultrasound biomicroscopy","volume":"29","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1177\/1120672120983234","article-title":"Analysis of bleb morphology after CLASS with ultrasound biomicroscopy and clinical grading scale","volume":"31","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1080\/14764172.2024.2370418","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus reactivation after nonablative fractional laser to treat facial photoaging","volume":"26","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cosmet Laser Ther."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2023.11969","article-title":"An overview and update of CO2 laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery in primary open angle glaucoma (Review)","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1623445\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T05:34:24Z","timestamp":1770183264000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1623445\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fmed.2026.1623445"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2026.1623445","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-858X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-858X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"article-number":"1623445"}}