{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T14:10:46Z","timestamp":1770127846089,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the distribution of relative peripheral refraction (RPR) and its relationship with ocular biometry in Chinese children of different refractive statuses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 309 participants aged 4 to 14\u202fyears who were divided into three groups based on refraction: hyperopia, emmetropia, and myopia. IOLMaster 700 was used to acquire ocular biometry data, and RPR was measured using multispectral refraction topography. Refraction difference values (RDVs) were used to describe the RPR and included the total defocus (TRDV), defocus at 0\u00b0 to 15\u00b0 (RDV15), 15\u00b0 to 30\u00b0 (RDV15\u201330), 30\u00b0 to 45\u00b0 (RDV30\u201345), and 45\u00b0 to 53\u00b0 (RDV45\u201353) eccentricities, and superior (RDV-S), inferior (RDV-I), temporal (RDV-T), and nasal (RDV-N) quadrants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In participants with emmetropia and myopia, RPR values became more positive as the distance from the foveal pit increased, whereas hyperopic participants showed a decrease in relative hyperopic defocus in the RDV45\u201353. Beyond 30\u00b0 eccentricity, there were significant differences between the refractive groups; those with emmetropia and myopia had significantly higher RPR values than those with hyperopia. The spherical equivalent was negatively correlated with RDV-T (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22120.31,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01) and TRDV (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f\u22120.26,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01). In myopic children, the correlation extended to multiple peripheral regions with increasing degrees of myopia. The ocular parameter most strongly associated with RDV45\u201353 was the axial length\/corneal radius of curvature (AL\/R,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.48,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In emmetropic and myopic children, RPR values became progressively positive with greater eccentricity, indicating a relative peripheral hyperopic shift. In contrast, hyperopic children showed a reduction in the RPR beyond 30\u00b0 eccentricity. The spherical equivalent was negatively correlated with temporal and total RPR, and AL\/R showed the strongest association with far peripheral RPR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1711559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T05:15:44Z","timestamp":1770009344000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantitative assessment of relative peripheral refraction in children with different refractive statuses and its associations with ocular biometry"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chaoying","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xingxue","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yangfan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuliang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","article-title":"Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050","volume":"123","author":"Holden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7504","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8343","article-title":"High prevalence of myopia and high myopia in 5060 Chinese university students in Shanghai","volume":"53","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.09.004","article-title":"The epidemics of myopia: aetiology and prevention","volume":"62","author":"Morgan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye 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