{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T08:29:25Z","timestamp":1771921765405,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) in preventing postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing various surgical procedures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple electronic databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TEAS with control interventions (sham or no stimulation) in patients aged &amp;gt;60\u202fyears undergoing surgery. The primary outcome was the incidence of POD within the first seven postoperative days. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software, calculating risk ratios (RR), mean differences (MD), or standard MD with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The quality of evidence was assessed based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty RCTs involving 2,290 patients (aged &amp;gt;60\u202fyears) were included. The overall incidence of POD was 5.6% in the TEAS group compared to 17.0% in the control group (RR 0.34, 95% CI 0.26\u20130.45). TEAS also significantly reduced CAM score (MD \u22121.01, 95% CI \u22121.98 to \u22120.04), propofol consumption (MD \u221235.59\u202fmg, 95% CI \u221265.75 to \u22125.42), postoperative pain score (MD \u22120.60, 95% CI \u22121.02 to \u22120.18), and improved recovery quality (QoR-15 score: MD 23.76, 95% CI 21.72\u201325.80). The intervention appeared safe with no serious adverse events reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perioperative TEAS application significantly reduces the risk of POD in elderly surgical patients. Its protective effects are potentially mediated through anti-inflammatory effects. TEAS represents a promising non-pharmacological intervention for POD prevention within enhanced recovery protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD420251128976.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1717702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T06:24:59Z","timestamp":1768458299000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yi-jiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated with the Zhejiang University School of Medicine","place":["Hangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi-hong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University","place":["Jiaxing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of TCM, Tongxiang Maternal and Child Health-Care Center","place":["Tongxiang, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of TCM, Tongxiang Maternal and Child Health-Care Center","place":["Tongxiang, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui-fang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of TCM, Tongxiang Maternal and Child Health-Care Center","place":["Tongxiang, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.22647","article-title":"Effect of regional vs. general anesthesia on incidence of postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: the RAGA randomized trial","volume":"327","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/EJA.000000000000187","article-title":"Update of the european society of anaesthesiology and intensive care medicine evidence-based and consensus-based guideline on postoperative delirium in adult patients","volume":"41","author":"Aldecoa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.06.063","article-title":"Postoperative delirium: perioperative 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