{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T12:11:42Z","timestamp":1770811902007,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Recent research on the use of the MPT64 antigen of\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)<\/jats:italic>\n                      in tuberculosis diagnosis has intensified. However, its detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) has not been previously documented. This study aims to fill that gap.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included a total of 176 patients, divided into a pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) group of 104 cases and a non-tuberculosis (Non-TB) group of 72 cases as the control group. The PTB group includes 59 with bacteriologically confirmed PTB (BC-PTB) and 45 with clinically diagnosed PTB with negative pathogens (CD-PTB). The concentrations of MPT64 antigens were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Optimal cut-off values were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate antigen diagnostic capability for active PTB, compared with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and Xpert MTB\/RIF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Xpert MTB\/RIF Ct values and MPT64 concentration show significant negative correlation (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      = -0.719,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.0001), AFB and MPT64 concentration show significant positive correlation (R = 0.777,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.0001). MPT64 showed a sensitivity of 59.62% (95% CI: 50.01\u201368.54%) in 104 cases, significantly higher than AFB (26.92%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001) and slightly higher than Xpert MTB\/RIF (56.73%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.673). Its specificity was 88.89% (95% CI: 79.58\u201394.26%), lower than both AFB and Xpert MTB\/RIF (100%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006). Sensitivities for BC-PTB and CD-PTB were 64.41% (95% CI: 51.66\u201375.40%) and 53.33% (95% CI: 39.08\u201367.06%), respectively,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.314.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of ELISA to detect the MPT64 in BALF may serve as an important supplementary diagnostic method for pulmonary tuberculosis, particularly for bacterial-negative pulmonary tuberculosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1726316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T05:35:54Z","timestamp":1770788154000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific antigen MPT64 in BALF has potential diagnostic value in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jie","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong","place":["Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong","place":["Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong","place":["Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinxiong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong","place":["Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengjun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong","place":["Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"000956","DOI":"10.1099\/mgen.0.000956","article-title":"Advantages of analysing both pairwise SNV-distance and differing SNVs between Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates for recurrent tuberculosis cause determination.","volume":"9","author":"Sadovska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb Genom."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD012768","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012768.pub3","article-title":"Xpert MTB\/RIF Ultra and Xpert MTB\/RIF assays for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in 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