{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T09:49:39Z","timestamp":1773222579398,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The current research aimed to analyze the influencing factors for congenital heart disease (CHD) in children based on a case\u2013control study. From January 2020 to January 2022, 60 children with CHD under 6\u202fyears of age admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University were selected as the research group. Another 60 children matched for age and sex who underwent physical examinations in our hospital without CHD were selected as the control group. The disease classification of children with CHD was determined, and the related influencing factors were analyzed. Among 60 children with CHD, atrial septal defect was the highest among the single heart defects, accounting for 36.67%, followed by ventricular septal defect (25.00%), patent ductus arteriosus (11.67%), pulmonary stenosis (6.67%), tetralogy of Fallot (5.00%), and aortic stenosis (1.67%). The rates of two or three combined heart defects were 10.00 and 3.33%, respectively. A family history of CHD, a history of viral infection in early pregnancy, and a history of medication in early pregnancy were identified as independent risk factors for CHD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1745800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T12:32:33Z","timestamp":1773145953000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of influencing factors of congenital heart disease in children in Luzhou, China: a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Changling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","place":["Luzhou, Sichuan, China"]},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Birth Defects","place":["Luzhou, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yansha","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","place":["Luzhou, Sichuan, China"]},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Birth Defects","place":["Luzhou, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","place":["Luzhou, Sichuan, China"]},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Clinical Medical Center for Birth Defects","place":["Luzhou, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e149","DOI":"10.5546\/aap.2020.eng.e149","article-title":"Congenital heart disease, prenatal 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