{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:39:54Z","timestamp":1777952394125,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Immunosuppression from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or other comorbidities increases susceptibility to gastrointestinal infections such as\n                    <jats:italic>Entamoeba histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Although each pathogen can independently cause severe colitis, co-infection is rare and may lead to rapid clinical deterioration if not recognized early. We report two cases of concurrent amebic and CMV colitis in immunocompromised patients. The first patient, a 56-year-old man with HIV, Kaposi sarcoma, and hepatitis C, presented with bloody diarrhea and hypotension. Colonoscopy revealed pancolitis with ulcerations, and biopsy initially confirmed\n                    <jats:italic>E. histolytica<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Despite an initial response to anti-amebic therapy, he later developed recurrent bleeding and sepsis and died on hospital day 24. Postmortem pathological examination subsequently identified CMV co-infection. The second patient, a 48-year-old HIV-negative man with diabetes, chronic hepatitis B and C, and prior colorectal cancer, presented with 1 month of bloody diarrhea. Colonoscopy and histopathology confirmed dual infection, which was successfully treated with metronidazole and ganciclovir. A follow-up colonoscopy later demonstrated complete resolution. These cases highlight the importance of early endoscopic evaluation and tissue diagnosis in immunocompromised patients with persistent bloody diarrhea, as prompt recognition of co-infection allows timely, targeted therapy and may prevent fatal outcomes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1751023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T04:44:32Z","timestamp":1777437872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Concurrent amebic and cytomegalovirus colitis in immunocompromised patients: two case reports and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chen-Hsuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University","place":["Kaohsiung City, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Teh","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology","place":["Tainan City, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Hsuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University","place":["Kaohsiung City, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Education, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","place":["Kaohsiung City, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peir-In","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","place":["Kaohsiung City, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao-Kuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University","place":["Kaohsiung City, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","place":["Kaohsiung City, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jih-Jin","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University","place":["Kaohsiung City, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Tropical Medicine Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","place":["Kaohsiung City, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital","place":["Kaohsiung City, 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