{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T10:25:25Z","timestamp":1781951125506,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Med."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ruxolitinib 1.5% cream, a topical Janus Kinase (JAK) 1\/2 inhibitor, represents a novel targeted treatment for non-segmental vitiligo, a common acquired depigmentation disorder of autoimmune origin clinically characterized by milky-white patches on the affected body areas. The efficacy of topical ruxolitinib in vitiligo has been demonstrated in clinical trials and real-life observation, with an overall safety profile. Mild-to-moderate reported adverse events include site-application acne, nasopharyngitis, and site-application pruritus, while increased susceptibility to viral skin infections, due to its mechanism of action leading to local immunosuppression, remains debated. No data are currently available on the potential susceptibility to fungal infection. We present here a case of a 53-year-old man who developed tinea barbae by\n                    <jats:italic>Trichophyton tonsurans<\/jats:italic>\n                    following ruxolitinib application, which eventually led to permanent treatment discontinuation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2026.1765822","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:51:50Z","timestamp":1778219510000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Tinea barbae following ruxolitinib cream application in a vitiligo patient: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Romagnuolo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","place":["Milan, Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena","place":["Siena, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa Carlotta","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","place":["Milan, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Tavoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","place":["Milan, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Germiniasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","place":["Milan, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Grancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","place":["Milan, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Moltrasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","place":["Milan, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo Valerio","family":"Marzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","place":["Milan, Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano","place":["Milan, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Alberti-Violetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico","place":["Milan, Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano","place":["Milan, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15011","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.11","article-title":"Vitiligo","volume":"1","author":"Picardo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18257","article-title":"Vitiligo prevalence and quality of life among adults in Europe, Japan and the USA","volume":"36","author":"Bibeau","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41491343","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.70240","article-title":"Real-life perception of treatment effectiveness after 24\u202fweeks of topical ruxolitinib in non-segmental vitiligo: insights from patient-reported outcomes","author":"Alberti-Violetti","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2118828","article-title":"Two phase 3, randomized, controlled trials of ruxolitinib cream for vitiligo","volume":"387","author":"Rosmarin","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2015.12.040","article-title":"Development and validation of the vitiligo extent score (VES): an international collaborative initiative","volume":"136","author":"van Geel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-025-01381-7","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib cream in vitiligo by patient characteristic subgroups: descriptive pooled analysis from two phase 3 studies","volume":"15","author":"Seneschal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther 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